{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:47:57Z","timestamp":1791208077377,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":196,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1503,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"NUS Research Scholarship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"NMRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"A*STAR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR049069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR049069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Center of Regenerative Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold great potential for regenerative medicine because of their ability for self-renewal and differentiation into tissue-specific cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs orchestrate tissue development, maintenance and repair, and are useful for musculoskeletal regenerative therapies to treat age-related orthopedic degenerative diseases and other clinical conditions. Importantly, MSCs produce secretory factors that play critical roles in tissue repair that support both engraftment and trophic functions (autocrine and paracrine). The development of uniform protocols for both preparation and characterization of MSCs, including standardized functional assays for evaluation of their biological potential, are critical factors contributing to their clinical utility. Quality control and release criteria for MSCs should include cell surface markers, differentiation potential, and other essential cell parameters. For example, cell surface marker profiles (surfactome), bone-forming capacities in ectopic and orthotopic models, as well as cell size and granularity, telomere length, senescence status, trophic factor secretion (secretome), and immunomodulation, should be thoroughly assessed to predict MSC utility for regenerative medicine. We propose that these and other functionalities of MSCs should be characterized prior to use in clinical applications as part of comprehensive and uniform guidelines and release criteria for their clinical-grade production to achieve predictably favorable treatment outcomes for stem cell therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.17-0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T00:08:51Z","timestamp":1509062931000},"page":"2173-2185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":659,"title":["Concise Review: Multifaceted Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rebekah M.","family":"Samsonraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"},{"name":"b Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Raghunath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"d Center for Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Competence Center for Tissue Engineering and Substance Testing (TEDD), Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, ZHAW School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Nurcombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre J.","family":"van Wijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon M.","family":"Cool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"},{"name":"e Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022022809523893800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090504","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"9","author":"Caplan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-451864","article-title":"Perivascular support of human hematopoietic stem\/progenitor cells","volume":"121","author":"Corselli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.07.003","article-title":"A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs","volume":"3","author":"Crisan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2012.0415","article-title":"Not all MSCs can act as pericytes: Functional in vitro assays to distinguish pericytes from other mesenchymal stem cells in angiogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Blocki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.025","article-title":"Self-renewing osteoprogenitors in bone marrow sinusoids can organize a hematopoietic microenvironment","volume":"131","author":"Sacchetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.06.008","article-title":"The MSC: An injury drugstore","volume":"9","author":"Caplan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1982","article-title":"Establishing criteria for human mesenchymal stem cell potency","volume":"33","author":"Samsonraj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R8","first-page":"393","article-title":"The development of fibroblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells","volume":"3","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V56.2.289.289","article-title":"Characterization of human bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming cells (CFU-F) and their progeny","volume":"56","author":"Castro-Malaspina","year":"1980","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1100fje","article-title":"Transdifferentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow","volume":"18","author":"Song","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.03.017","article-title":"Transplanted human bone marrow cells generate new brain cells","volume":"233","author":"Crain","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_3061.x","article-title":"Neural transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells\u2013a critical review","volume":"113","author":"Krabbe","year":"2005","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4798-2_7","volume-title":"Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 8: Therapeutic Applications in Disease and Injury","author":"Ries","year":"2012"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10711","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10711","article-title":"Marrow stromal cells migrate throughout forebrain and cerebellum, and they differentiate into astrocytes after injection into neonatal mouse brains","volume":"96","author":"Kopen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2016.05.009","article-title":"Polycomb PRC2 complex mediates epigenetic silencing of a critical osteogenic master regulator in the hippocampus","volume":"1859","author":"Aguilar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0137255","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137255","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells retain multilineage differentiation capacity including neural marker expression after extended in vitro expansion","volume":"10","author":"Okolicsanyi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240310004539","article-title":"Yield of human adipose-derived adult stem cells from liposuction aspirates","volume":"6","author":"Aust","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e3181835b13","article-title":"Toward the identification of mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood for bone regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Smiler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0335","article-title":"Concise review: Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in blood","volume":"25","author":"He","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66916-4","article-title":"Stem cells of the alveolar epithelium","volume":"366","author":"Griffiths","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/ar991","article-title":"Current state of cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"5","author":"Tuli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2008.0586","article-title":"Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A new cell source for musculoskeletal regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Fan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part B Rev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2007.00399.x","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of multipotent human periodontal ligament stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Gay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1517\/14712591003610606","article-title":"Potential therapeutic applications of muscle-derived mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells","volume":"10","author":"Jackson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2004-0058","article-title":"Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells of fetal or maternal origin from human placenta","volume":"22","author":"In't Anker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2006.03.009","article-title":"Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from human placenta: Comparison with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"30","author":"Miao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R27","first-page":"1235","article-title":"Umbilical cord revisited: From Wharton's jelly myofibroblasts to mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"28","author":"Corrao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.01986.x","article-title":"Mesenchymal progenitor cells in human umbilical cord blood","volume":"109","author":"Erices","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R29","first-page":"1099","article-title":"Isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells: Bone marrow versus umbilical cord blood","volume":"86","author":"Mareschi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16627-0","article-title":"Investigation of multipotent postnatal stem cells from human periodontal ligament","volume":"364","author":"Seo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.4.696","article-title":"Perivascular niche of postnatal mesenchymal stem cells in human bone marrow and dental pulp","volume":"18","author":"Shi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.191643","article-title":"Perivascular ancestors of adult multipotent stem cells","volume":"30","author":"Corselli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5646384","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5646384","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stromal cells from different sources diverge in their expression of cell surface proteins and display distinct differentiation patterns","volume":"2016","author":"Elahi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23544","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23544","article-title":"Tissue-specific differentiation potency of mesenchymal stromal cells from perinatal tissues","volume":"6","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.16-0492","article-title":"Concise review: Wharton's Jelly: The rich, but enigmatic, source of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"6","author":"Davies","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtm.2015.07.022","article-title":"Comparative analysis of biological characteristics of adult mesenchymal stem cells with different tissue origins","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21507","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21507","article-title":"Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells reveals source specific cellular markers","volume":"6","author":"Billing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21212","article-title":"Comparison of human stem cells derived from various mesenchymal tissues: Superiority of synovium as a cell source","volume":"52","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-007-9128-z","article-title":"Selection using the alpha-1 integrin (CD49a) enhances the multipotentiality of the mesenchymal stem cell population from heterogeneous bone marrow stromal cells","volume":"38","author":"Rider","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Histol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-9-12","article-title":"Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): A comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC","volume":"9","author":"Hass","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal CCS"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.15283\/ijsc.2014.7.2.118","article-title":"Comparison of mesenchymal stem cell markers in multiple human adult stem cells","volume":"7","author":"Maleki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.06.007","article-title":"Stem cell therapies in clinical trials: Progress and challenges","volume":"17","author":"Trounson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0329","article-title":"An innovative, comprehensive mapping and multiscale analysis of registered trials for stem cell-based regenerative medicine","volume":"5","author":"Monsarrat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2011-0012","article-title":"Concise review: Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells in cellular transplantation: Update, controversies, and unknowns","volume":"1","author":"Atoui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2011-0036","article-title":"Concise review: The clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells for musculoskeletal regeneration: Current status and perspectives","volume":"1","author":"Steinert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.25321","article-title":"Comparison of allogeneic vs autologous bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells delivered by transendocardial injection in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: The POSEIDON randomized trial","volume":"308","author":"Hare","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8191.2009.00984.x","article-title":"What's new in cardiac cell therapy? Allogeneic bone marrow stromal cells as \u201cuniversal donor cells","volume":"25","author":"Kinkaid","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0240-9","article-title":"The challenges and promises of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for use as a cell-based therapy","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1452","article-title":"Concise review: Adult mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for inflammatory diseases: how well are we joining the dots?","volume":"31","author":"Griffin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000043","article-title":"Autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in organ transplantation: What do we know about their safety and efficacy?","volume":"19","author":"Alagesan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3109\/14653241003649510","article-title":"GMP-manufactured density gradient media for optimized mesenchymal stromal\/stem cell isolation and expansion","volume":"12","author":"Grisendi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00369","article-title":"Molecular and cellular characterisation of highly purified stromal stem cells derived from human bone marrow","volume":"116","author":"Gronthos","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990110203","article-title":"High gradient magnetic cell separation with MACS","volume":"11","author":"Miltenyi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2009.08.009","article-title":"Optimizing mesenchymal stem cell-based therapeutics","volume":"20","author":"Wagner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1159\/000128956","article-title":"The stromal activity of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"35","author":"Wagner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transfus Med Hemother"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","article-title":"Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement","volume":"8","author":"Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R57","first-page":"83","article-title":"Precursors for fibroblasts in different populations of hematopoietic cells as detected by the in vitro colony assay method","volume":"2","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1974","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-169-1_6","volume-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols","author":"Pochampally","year":"2008"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2469","article-title":"Why are MSCs therapeutic? New data: New insight","volume":"217","author":"Caplan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R60","first-page":"79","author":"Haynesworth","year":"1994"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4164","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.12.4164.bloodjournal84124164","article-title":"The STRO-1+ fraction of adult human bone marrow contains the osteogenic precursors","volume":"84","author":"Gronthos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.4.929.bloodjournal854929","article-title":"The growth factor requirements of STRO-1-positive human bone marrow stromal precursors under serum-deprived conditions in vitro","volume":"85","author":"Gronthos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.1.47","article-title":"Differential cell surface expression of the STRO-1 and alkaline phosphatase antigens on discrete developmental stages in primary cultures of human bone cells","volume":"14","author":"Gronthos","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.1.55.55","article-title":"Identification of stromal cell precursors in human bone marrow by a novel monoclonal antibody, STRO-1","volume":"78","author":"Simmons","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-11-010504","article-title":"SSEA-4 identifies mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow","volume":"109","author":"Gang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem206","article-title":"Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vivo","volume":"47","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1392.000","article-title":"Novel markers for the prospective isolation of human MSC","volume":"1106","author":"Buhring","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(02)00812-3","article-title":"Isolation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by anti-nerve growth factor receptor antibodies","volume":"30","author":"Quirici","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.04564.x","article-title":"Phenotypic characterization of distinct human bone marrow-derived MSC subsets","volume":"1176","author":"Buhring","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2009.0290","article-title":"The mesenchymal stem cell antigen MSCA-1 is identical to tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase","volume":"19","author":"Sobiesiak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2010.0040","article-title":"Markers distinguishing mesenchymal stem cells from fibroblasts are downregulated with passaging","volume":"20","author":"Halfon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.06.013","article-title":"Thymus cell antigen 1 (Thy1, CD90) is expressed by lymphatic vessels and mediates cell adhesion to lymphatic endothelium","volume":"316","author":"Jurisic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-009-9190-3","article-title":"CD90 Expression on human primary cells and elimination of contaminating fibroblasts from cell cultures","volume":"59","author":"Kisselbach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytotechnology"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.04.118","article-title":"Molecular markers distinguish bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from fibroblasts","volume":"332","author":"Ishii","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2560","article-title":"The mesenchymal precursor cell marker antibody STRO-1 binds to cell surface heat shock cognate 70","volume":"35","author":"Fitter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3028","article-title":"The meaning, the sense and the significance: Translating the science of mesenchymal stem cells into medicine","volume":"19","author":"Bianco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21592","article-title":"The therapeutic applications of multipotential mesenchymal\/stromal stem cells in skeletal tissue repair","volume":"218","author":"Arthur","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2013.02.006","article-title":"Stromal cells from the adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction and culture expanded adipose tissue-derived stromal\/stem cells: A joint statement of the International Federation for Adipose Therapeutics and Science (IFATS) and the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT)","volume":"15","author":"Bourin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10059-011-2277-7","article-title":"Development of novel monoclonal antibodies that define differentiation stages of human stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells","volume":"32","author":"Andersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5067","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-304287","article-title":"CD146 expression on primary nonhematopoietic bone marrow stem cells is correlated with in situ localization","volume":"117","author":"Tormin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/975871","article-title":"Markers for characterization of bone marrow multipotential stromal cells","volume":"2012","author":"Boxall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04469.x","article-title":"Direct selection of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using an anti-CD49a antibody reveals their CD45(med, low) phenotype","volume":"122","author":"Deschaseaux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V114.22.251.251","article-title":"CD146 expression in primary bone marrow MSC progenitor\/stem cells is dependent on their in vivo location","volume":"114","author":"Tormin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.20118","article-title":"Optimization of a flow cytometry-based protocol for detection and phenotypic characterization of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from human bone marrow","volume":"70B","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytometry B Clin Cytom"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3349","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10696","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of bone marrow multipotential mesenchymal progenitor cells","volume":"46","author":"Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.13740","article-title":"Isolation of functionally distinct mesenchymal stem cell subsets using antibodies against CD56, CD271, and mesenchymal stem cell antigen-1","volume":"94","author":"Battula","year":"2009","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3049","article-title":"The elusive nature and function of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"12","author":"Nombela-Arrieta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09262","article-title":"Mesenchymal and haematopoietic stem cells form a unique bone marrow niche","volume":"466","author":"Mendez-Ferrer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091046","article-title":"Prospective identification, isolation, and systemic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in murine bone marrow","volume":"206","author":"Morikawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20122252","article-title":"PDGFR\u03b1 and CD51 mark human Nestin(+) sphere-forming mesenchymal stem cells capable of hematopoietic progenitor cell expansion","volume":"210","author":"Pinho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.06.008","article-title":"Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent the main source of bone formed by adult bone marrow","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0144-8","article-title":"Where is the common ground between bone marrow mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells from different donors and species?","volume":"6","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-016-0370-8","article-title":"Identification and validation of multiple cell surface markers of clinical-grade adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as novel release criteria for good manufacturing practice-compliant production","volume":"7","author":"Camilleri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.01.002","article-title":"Identification of specific cell-surface markers of adipose-derived stem cells from subcutaneous and visceral fat depots","volume":"2","author":"Ong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R95","first-page":"93","article-title":"Differentiation and characterization of human MSCs","volume":"449","author":"Reger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6498","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006498","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells self-renew and differentiate according to a deterministic hierarchy","volume":"4","author":"Sarugaser","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.05.030","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels functionalized with heparin that support controlled release of bioactive BMP-2","volume":"33","author":"Bhakta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.12.013","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived heparan sulfate potentiates the osteogenic activity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)","volume":"50","author":"Bramono","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1514","article-title":"FGFR1 signaling stimulates proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(Waf1) and p27(Kip1)","volume":"31","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0367","article-title":"Heparan sulfate enhances the self-renewal and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from human adult bone marrow","volume":"21","author":"Helledie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26233","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.122069","article-title":"Synergism between Wnt3a and heparin enhances osteogenesis via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase\/Akt\/RUNX2 pathway","volume":"285","author":"Ling","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22108","article-title":"The osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 regulates components of the fibroblast growth factor\/proteoglycan signaling axis in osteoblasts","volume":"107","author":"Teplyuk","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0040","article-title":"Current methods of adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1997.3858","article-title":"In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells","volume":"238","author":"Johnstone","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.1998.4.415","article-title":"Chondrogenic differentiation of cultured human mesenchymal stem cells from marrow","volume":"4","author":"Mackay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.2001.5278","article-title":"Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: Differentiation-dependent gene expression of matrix components","volume":"268","author":"Barry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2013-0196","article-title":"Concise review: Optimizing expansion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells for clinical applications","volume":"3","author":"Hoch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0148","article-title":"Comparative analysis of media and supplements on initiation and expansion of adipose-derived stem cells","volume":"5","author":"Riis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R109","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell physiology can be affected by antibiotics: An in vitro study","volume":"60","author":"Pountos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5417.1168","article-title":"Bone marrow as a potential source of hepatic oval cells","volume":"284","author":"Petersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000129129","article-title":"In vivo differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells: Prenatal and postnatal model systems","volume":"35","author":"Quinn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transfus Med Hemother"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62363","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062363","article-title":"In vivo tracking and comparison of the therapeutic effects of MSCs and HSCs for liver injury","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4585","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5060-03.2004","article-title":"Adult bone marrow stromal cells in the embryonic brain: Engraftment, migration, differentiation, and long-term survival","volume":"24","author":"Munoz-Elias","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0561","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote neuronal networks with functional synaptic transmission after transplantation into mice with neurodegeneration","volume":"25","author":"Bae","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12482","article-title":"The multiple functional roles of mesenchymal stem cells in participating in treating liver diseases","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2013.08.011","article-title":"Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of liver diseases, is there enough evidence?","volume":"11","author":"Meier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1038\/nature730","article-title":"Bone marrow cells adopt the phenotype of other cells by spontaneous cell fusion","volume":"416","author":"Terada","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36863","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36863","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells generate distinct functional hybrids in vitro via cell fusion or entosis","volume":"6","author":"Sottile","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1040","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells generate cardiomyocytes at a low frequency through cell fusion, but not transdifferentiation","volume":"10","author":"Nygren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.7.1161","article-title":"Clonal mesenchymal progenitors from human bone marrow differentiate in vitro according to a hierarchical model","volume":"113","author":"Muraglia","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-011-9229-7","article-title":"The origins of mesenchymal stromal cell heterogeneity","volume":"7","author":"Pevsner-Fischer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.312","article-title":"In vitro high-capacity assay to quantify the clonal heterogeneity in trilineage potential of mesenchymal stem cells reveals a complex hierarchy of lineage commitment","volume":"28","author":"Russell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2014.41","article-title":"MSC-derived exosomes: A novel tool to treat therapy-refractory graft-versus-host disease","volume":"28","author":"Kordelas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2009.12.003","article-title":"Exosome secreted by MSC reduces myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"4","author":"Lai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53-53","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt442","article-title":"Protein synthesis and secretion in human mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton's jelly","volume":"5","author":"Amable","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2014.08.041","article-title":"MicroRNA and mRNA cargo of extracellular vesicles from porcine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"551","author":"Eirin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36120","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36120","article-title":"Comparative proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles isolated from porcine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells","volume":"6","author":"Eirin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-012-0201-0","article-title":"Perspectives on mesenchymal stem cells: Tissue repair, immune modulation, and tumor homing","volume":"35","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0026","article-title":"Are mesenchymal stem cells so bloody great after all?","volume":"6","author":"Marfy-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60690-X","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: A phase II study","volume":"371","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11002","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704421104","article-title":"Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist mediates the antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of mesenchymal stem cells during lung injury","volume":"104","author":"Ortiz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1888","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00186.2009","article-title":"Heart failure therapy mediated by the trophic activities of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: A noninvasive therapeutic regimen","volume":"296","author":"Shabbir","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R134","first-page":"469","article-title":"Regulation of hemopoietic cell growth and development: Experimental and clinical studies","volume":"3","author":"Dexter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1559","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate allogeneic immune cell responses","volume":"105","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3838","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3838","article-title":"Human bone marrow stromal cells suppress T-lymphocyte proliferation induced by cellular or nonspecific mitogenic stimuli","volume":"99","author":"Nicola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2008.06.042","article-title":"Regeneration of meniscus cartilage in a knee treated with percutaneously implanted autologous mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"71","author":"Centeno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.02.027","article-title":"Human adult bone marrow-derived somatic cell therapy results in functional recovery and axonal plasticity following stroke in the rat","volume":"211","author":"Andrews","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1428","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00488.2010","article-title":"Activation of host tissue trophic factors through JAK-STAT3 signaling: A mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cardiac repair","volume":"299","author":"Shabbir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/6529","article-title":"Transplantability and therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells in children with osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"5","author":"Horwitz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-007-9129-y","article-title":"The in vivo assessment of a novel scaffold containing heparan sulfate for tissue engineering with human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"38","author":"Luong-Van","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Histol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130230","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: Mechanisms of inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Singer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30087","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.30087","article-title":"Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper","volume":"4","author":"Lener","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2014-0280","article-title":"Systemic administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles ameliorates aspergillus hyphal extract-induced allergic airway inflammation in immunocompetent mice","volume":"4","author":"Cruz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.17-0055","article-title":"Concise review: Developing best-practice models for the therapeutic use of extracellular vesicles","volume":"6","author":"Reiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17020174","article-title":"Focus on extracellular vesicles: Therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.16-0363","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as mediators of anti-inflammatory effects: Endorsement of macrophage polarization","volume":"6","author":"Lo Sicco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.107","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles rescue radiation damage to murine marrow hematopoietic cells","volume":"30","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45622","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45622","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle-functionalized decalcified bone matrix scaffolds with enhanced pro-angiogenic and pro-bone regeneration activities","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2017.01.001","article-title":"A Good Manufacturing Practice-grade standard protocol for exclusively human mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles","volume":"19","author":"Pachler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.07.001","article-title":"Differences between in vitro viability and differentiation and in vivo bone-forming efficacy of human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on PCL-TCP scaffolds","volume":"31","author":"Rai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-09-3696","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induce division arrest anergy of activated T cells","volume":"105","author":"Glennie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2657","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate B-cell functions","volume":"107","author":"Corcione","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24405","article-title":"Treatment of experimental arthritis by inducing immune tolerance with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"60","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4161\/cam.5.1.13491","article-title":"Adhesion molecules: Key players in mesenchymal stem cell-mediated immunosuppression","volume":"5","author":"Ren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2395","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease","volume":"8","author":"Uccelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v6.i5.552","article-title":"Secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines by mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"6","author":"Kyurkchiev","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0554","article-title":"Human leukocyte antigen-G5 secretion by human mesenchymal stem cells is required to suppress T lymphocyte and natural killer function and to induce CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ regulatory T cells","volume":"26","author":"Selmani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2007.11.014","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated immunosuppression occurs via concerted action of chemokines and nitric oxide","volume":"2","author":"Ren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608249103","article-title":"Multipotent stromal cells from human marrow home to and promote repair of pancreatic islets and renal glomeruli in diabetic NOD\/scid mice","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2174\/1574888X11308010006","article-title":"New frontiers in regenerative medicine in cardiology: The potential of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Corrao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2009.0299","article-title":"New emerging potentials for human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells: Immunological features and hepatocyte-like differentiative capacity","volume":"19","author":"Anzalone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R163","first-page":"829","article-title":"Clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cells: An Update. Cell","volume":"25","author":"Squillaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplant"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0031","article-title":"Human endomyocardial biopsy specimen-derived stromal cells modulate angiotensin ii-induced cardiac remodeling","volume":"5","author":"Miteva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.73","article-title":"The biology and function of fibroblasts in cancer","volume":"16","author":"Kalluri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00560","article-title":"Comparing the immunomodulatory properties of bone marrow, adipose tissue, and birth-associated tissue mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"6","author":"Mattar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30015","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161226215","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated effects of tumor support or suppression","volume":"16","author":"Rhee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11687","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1406","article-title":"Tumor irradiation increases the recruitment of circulating mesenchymal stem cells into the tumor microenvironment","volume":"67","author":"Klopp","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6010007","article-title":"Stromal modulators of TGF-\u03b2 in cancer","volume":"6","author":"Costanza","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-015-0549-4","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells mediate the clinical phenotype of inflammatory breast cancer in a preclinical model","volume":"17","author":"Lacerda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-017-0597-8","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: Key players in cancer progression","volume":"16","author":"Ridge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3109\/07357907.2012.692171","article-title":"Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells produced TGFbeta contributes to progression and metastasis of prostate cancer","volume":"30","author":"Ye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e32833e5b18","article-title":"Emerging therapeutic approaches for multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"17","author":"Caimi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2009.0100","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor-2 enhances proliferation and delays loss of chondrogenic potential in human adult bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"16","author":"Solchaga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-003-0506-z","article-title":"Telomere length and telomerase activity during expansion and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes","volume":"82","author":"Parsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402962","article-title":"Lack of telomerase activity in human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"17","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2005.10.001","article-title":"Aging of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"5","author":"Sethe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.01.039","article-title":"Telomere length analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells by quantitative PCR","volume":"519","author":"Samsonraj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2013.11.004","article-title":"Evaluation of human platelet lysate versus fetal bovine serum for culture of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"16","author":"Hemeda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.02.012","article-title":"Internalized antigens must be removed to prepare hypoimmunogenic mesenchymal stem cells for cell and gene therapy","volume":"9","author":"Spees","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000354061","article-title":"Platelet lysate as replacement for fetal bovine serum in mesenchymal stromal cell cultures","volume":"40","author":"Bieback","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transfus Med Hemother"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.139","article-title":"Human alternatives to fetal bovine serum for the expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow","volume":"27","author":"Bieback","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25454","article-title":"Affinity selection of FGF2-binding heparan sulfates for ex vivo expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"232","author":"Wijesinghe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.10.039","article-title":"Effect of heparin on the biological properties and molecular signature of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"576","author":"Ling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0020","article-title":"Regeneration of articular cartilage by human esc-derived mesenchymal progenitors treated sequentially with BMP-2 and Wnt5a","volume":"6","author":"Gibson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2013-0050","article-title":"Concise review: Guidance in developing commercializable autologous\/patient-specific cell therapy manufacturing","volume":"2","author":"Eaker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118846193.ch18","volume-title":"Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine","author":"Muller-Cohn","year":"2015"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2015.08.014","article-title":"Bioprocessing of human mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells for therapeutic use: Current technologies and challenges","volume":"108","author":"Schnitzler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem Eng J"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R189","first-page":"150","author":"Research","year":"2017"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22205","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells: From immunophenotyping by flow cytometry to clinical applications","volume":"83A","author":"Nery","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytometry Part A"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R191","article-title":"The 3Rs of cell therapy","author":"Caplan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2007.0069","article-title":"A novel monoclonal antibody (STRO-3) identifies an isoform of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase expressed by multipotent bone marrow stromal stem cells","volume":"16","author":"Gronthos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R193","author":"Bubnic","year":"2008"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.22-5-823","article-title":"Isolation of a highly clonogenic and multipotential subfraction of adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma","volume":"22","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-11-143","article-title":"A double blind randomized placebo controlled phase I\/II study assessing the safety and efficacy of allogeneic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell in critical limb ischemia","volume":"11","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2022022809523893800_R196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0237","article-title":"Administration of adult human bone marrow-derived, cultured, pooled, allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells in critical limb ischemia due to Buerger's disease: Phase II study report suggests clinical efficacy","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"}],"container-title":["Stem Cells Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsctm.17-0129","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/6\/12\/2173\/42631441\/stcltm_6_12_2173.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/6\/12\/2173\/42631441\/stcltm_6_12_2173.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T13:22:18Z","timestamp":1693142538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article\/6\/12\/2173\/6454762"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"references-count":196,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sctm.17-0129","relation":{},"ISSN":["2157-6564","2157-6580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2157-6564","type":"print"},{"value":"2157-6580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]}}}