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During this process, the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF\u03b1) plays an important role and may be a potential target. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tnf\u03b1 RNA interference by introducing a functional and highly safe carbon dot (CD)-SMCC nanovector synthesized by bioconjugation of CDs with a protein crosslinker, sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC), as the vehicle of the silenced TNF\u03b1 (siTnf\u03b1) on chondrogenesis of MSCs. The results showed that CD-SMCC displayed intense fluorescence with well-dispersed and positively charged properties, which favored effective binding and delivering of siTnf\u03b1 into the MSCs. CD-SMCC-siTnf\u03b1 nanoformula also exhibited considerably high transfection efficiency and nearly no cytotoxicity, which is preferred over commercial polyethyleneimine. Interference of Tnf\u03b1 by CD-SMCC-siTnf\u03b1 markedly promoted the chondrogenesis of MSCs, as indicated by upregulating cartilage-specific markers. Furthermore, in vivo exploration indicated that CD-SMCC-siTnf\u03b1 transfected MSCs accelerated cartilage regeneration. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that in combination with the novel CD-SMCC nanovector, targeting Tnf\u03b1 may facilitate stem cell-based therapy of cartilage defects. Stem Cells Translational Medicine \u00a02019;8:724&amp;736<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title\/><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.18-0289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T07:35:40Z","timestamp":1553758540000},"page":"724-736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Bioconjugated Carbon Dots for Delivery of si<i>Tnf\u03b1<\/i>to Enhance Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Suppression of Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People\u2019s Republic of China"},{"name":"b Department of Spine Osteopathia The First 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