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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the specimens are spherical and polydisperse, and their average size is 2.5\u00a0nm for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and 2.6\u00a0nm for copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). X\u2010ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the state of silver in the nanoparticles is close to that of silver in the Ag\n                    <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                    state, whereas copper black contains two oxidized states of the metal\u2014Cu\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Biological in vitro studies demonstrated that the nanoparticles have antibacterial activity against Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacterial species. Cu NPs exhibited more prominent antibacterial effects and induced significant growth inhibition of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Both types of nanoparticles showed anticancer properties in vitro. Cu NPs induced intense cytotoxicity in cancer and normal fibroblasts in vitro cultures, but their inhibitory effect against noncancerous cells was milder compared with cancer cell lines. Ag NPs demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against human lung and cervical adenocarcinoma cell lines. Further in vitro studies indicated that the mechanism of Ag NPs and Cu NPs anticancer effects involves induction of apoptosis. The present study describes a green synthesis approach for production of biologically active silver and copper nanoparticles and highlights their potential for medical application.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.7038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T02:20:10Z","timestamp":1637374810000},"page":"189-202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["XPS study of silver and copper nanoparticles demonstrated selective anticancer, proapoptotic, and antibacterial properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Vasil'kov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsvetelina","family":"Batsalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology Plovdiv University  Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8052-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Balik","family":"Dzhambazov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology Plovdiv University  Plovdiv Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5696-5723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Naumkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.N. 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