{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T12:08:42Z","timestamp":1761739722151,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23-24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21CA239168","R21AI176947","R01AG085616","R03CA235122","R01HL130483","UL1TR002378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21CA239168","R21AI176947","R01AG085616","R03CA235122","R01HL130483","UL1TR002378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1916411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1916411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Statistics in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In survival analysis under the proportional hazards model, covariates may be subject to both measurement error and detection limits. Most existing approaches only address one of these two complications and can lead to substantial bias and erroneous inference when dealing with both simultaneously. There is very limited research that addresses both these problems at the same time. These approaches are exclusively based on likelihood and require distribution assumptions on the underlying true covariates, as well as restricted independence assumptions on the censoring time. We propose a novel corrected score approach that relieves such stringent assumptions and is simpler in computation. The estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. The finite sample performance of the proposed estimator is assessed through simulation studies and illustrated by application to data from an AIDS clinical trial. The approach can be used in the case of replicate data or instrumental data. It can also be extended to more general models and outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:17:24Z","timestamp":1759882644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Corrected Score Approach for Proportional Hazards Model With Error\u2010Contaminated Covariates Subject to Detection Limits"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8191-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1883-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching\u2010Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/69.2.331"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9868.00317"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Adjusting for Measurement Error in the Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model","volume":"7","author":"Mallick R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533118"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2002.00742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/88.2.447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/3.4.511"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2532348"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2000.10474321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119013563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0962280202sm292ra"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/4.2.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181ce97d8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asv055"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxx047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10985-018-9434-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Corrected Score Estimator for Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Failure Time Data","volume":"16","author":"Wang C. Y.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Statistica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"1037","article-title":"An Improved Corrected Score Estimator for the Proportional Hazards Model With Time\u2010Dependent Covariates Measured With Error at Informative Observation Times","volume":"27","author":"Song X.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Statistica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1994.10476871"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxaa018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2014.896805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199610103351501"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.13318"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"3178","article-title":"Semiparametric Approaches for Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival Data With Time Varying Coefficients","volume":"27","author":"Song X.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12857"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"861","article-title":"Errors\u2010In\u2010Covariates Effect on Estimating Functions: Additivity in Limit and Nonparametric Correction","volume":"16","author":"Huang Y.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Statistica Sinica"}],"container-title":["Statistics in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/sim.70243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T06:09:54Z","timestamp":1761718194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/sim.70243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23-24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/sim.70243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.70243","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0277-6715"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0258"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70243"}}