{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T21:44:10Z","timestamp":1775857450985,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]],"date-time":"2020-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11871402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11871402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JBK1806002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JBK1806002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Statistics in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Models with change\u2010point in covariates have wide applications in cancer research with the response being the time to a certain event. A Cox model with change\u2010point in covariate is considered at which the pattern of the change\u2010point effects can be flexibly specified. To test for the existence of the change\u2010point effects, three statistical tests, namely, the maximal score, maximal normalized score, and maximal Wald tests are proposed. The asymptotic properties of the test statistics are established. Monte Carlo approaches to simulate the critical values are suggested. A large\u2010scale simulation study is carried out to study the finite sample performance of the proposed test statistics under the null hypothesis of no change\u2010points and various alternative hypothesis settings. Each of the proposed methods provides a natural estimate for the location of the change\u2010point, but it is found that the performance of the maximal score test can be sensitive to the true location of the change\u2010point in some cases, while the performance of the maximal Wald test is very satisfactory in general even in cases with moderate sample size. For illustration, the proposed methods are applied to two medical datasets concerning patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and breast cancer, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]],"date-time":"2020-02-08T10:51:20Z","timestamp":1581159080000},"page":"1473-1488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Testing for change\u2010point in the covariate effects based on the Cox regression model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Chun Yin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuerong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Statistical Research Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 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