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The win ratios converge to the respective hazard ratios under the PH assumptions and therefore are censoring\u2010free, whether or not the censoring distributions in the two treatment arms are the same. With the asymptotic bivariate normal distributions of the win ratios, confidence intervals and testing procedures are obtained. Through extensive simulation studies and data analysis, we identified proper transformations of the win ratios that yield good control of the type one error rate for various testing procedures while maintaining competitive power. The confidence intervals also have good coverage probabilities. Furthermore, a test for the PH assumptions and a test of equal hazard ratios are developed. The new procedures are illustrated in the clinical trial Aldosterone Antagonist Therapy for Adults With Heart Failure and Preserved Systolic Function, which evaluated the effects of spironolactone in patients with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.9266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T05:22:05Z","timestamp":1637731325000},"page":"1225-1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Event\u2010specific win ratios for inference with terminal and non\u2010terminal events"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3051-5844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Biostatistics Research National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Troendle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Biostatistics Research National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daewoo","family":"Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Data Science Yonsei University  Wonju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Leifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Biostatistics Research National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute  Bethesda Maryland 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