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Our objective was to assess whether the effects of a preconception lifestyle intervention in obese infertile women depended on women's exposure to adversity in childhood. A follow\u2010up of a preconception lifestyle intervention randomized controlled trial (the LIFEstyle study) was conducted in the Netherlands among 577 infertile women (age 18\u201339 years) with a body mass index (BMI) \u226529 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> at time of randomization; <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 110 (19%) consented to the follow\u2010up assessment, 6 years later. A 6\u2010month preconception lifestyle intervention aimed weight loss through improving diet and increasing physical activity. The control group received care as usual. Outcome measures included weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, body fat percentage, blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. The potential moderator, childhood adversity, was assessed with the Life Events Checklist\u20105 questionnaire. Among the 110 women in our follow\u2010up study, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 65 (59%) reported no childhood adverse events, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 28 (25.5%) reported 1 type of childhood adverse events and <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 17 (15.5%) reported \u22652 types of childhood adverse events. Regression models showed significant interactions between childhood adversity and effects of lifestyle intervention at the 6\u2010year follow\u2010up. Among women who experienced childhood adversity, the intervention significantly reduced weight (\u221210.0 [95% CI \u221218.5 to \u22121.5] kg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02), BMI (\u22123.2 [\u22126.1 to \u22120.2] kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) and body fat percentage (\u22124.5 [95% CI \u22127.2 to \u22121.9] <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Among women without childhood adversity, the intervention did not affect these outcomes (2.7 [\u22123.9 to 9.4] kg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.42), (0.9 [\u22121.4 to 3.3] kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.42) and (1.7 [95% CI \u22120.3 to 3.7] <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.10), respectively. Having a history of childhood adversity modified the effect of a preconception lifestyle intervention on women's body composition. If replicated, it may be important to consider childhood adversity as a determinant of lifestyle intervention effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T07:16:53Z","timestamp":1596698213000},"page":"93-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A lifestyle intervention randomized controlled trial in obese women with infertility improved body composition among those who experienced childhood adversity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8012-8263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lotte","family":"van Dammen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development &amp; Family Studies Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole R.","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics Center for Health and Community Division of Developmental Medicine University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"de Rooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Amsterdam UMC Location AMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben Willem","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Mutsaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"van Oers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medisch Spectrum Twente  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henk","family":"Groen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annemieke","family":"Hoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tessa","family":"Roseboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Amsterdam UMC Location AMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Amsterdam UMC at the University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdu065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579414001254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119125556.devpsy203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.9.928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61514-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579414001278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_9_1","first-page":"367","volume-title":"Life crises and experiences of loss in adulthood","author":"Dienstbier R. 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