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Only 30%\u201340% of soldiers who volunteer for it complete it. The purpose of SFAS is to identify soldiers who can complete 1\u20132\u00a0years of physically and mentally challenging training for the Special Forces and be successful Special Forces soldiers thereafter. This study examined association of pre\u2010course self\u2010reported mood state and sleep quality and quantity with subsequent success or failure at SFAS. Data from 780 male soldiers collected in 2015\u20132017 were analysed. Prior to SFAS, the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Dimension of Anger Reactivity (DAR), Duke University Social Support Questionnaire (Duke\u2010SSQ), General Anxiety Disorder and Depression inventories (GAD\u20107), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered. Group differences among these variables and their ability to predict selection versus non\u2010selection were assessed. There were significant differences in pre\u2010SFAS mood and sleep in selected versus non\u2010selected volunteers. Selected candidates reported more positive mood (POMS vigour, friendliness), less negative mood (POMS depression, anger, fatigue, confusion), less anger (DAR), and less social support (Duke\u2010SSQ). Selected candidates reported longer and higher quality sleep (PSQI) than non\u2010selected soldiers. These differences were not sufficient to serve as an accurate predictive model based on logistic regression, as the best\u2010fit model accounted for 4.9% of the variance. In conclusion, there were differences in pre\u2010course mood state and sleep between those who succeeded or failed a stressful course that selects individuals for elite military training and service, but they were not of sufficient strength to predict individual success of failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T05:50:02Z","timestamp":1744264202000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Differences in Sleep and Mood State Prior to Exposure are Associated With Success and Failure in a High Stress Environment: Special Forces Selection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1519-0156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harris R.","family":"Lieberman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5281-0820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A.","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0744-3624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily K.","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1568-1860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Knapik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5378-5820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan M.","family":"Pasiakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Office of Dietary Supplements National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0013-0364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James P.","family":"McClung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine  Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/aphysiol.96.2009.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20102389.2008.00412.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beal S. 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