{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:11:43Z","timestamp":1753870303244,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stress and Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous studies have demonstrated that restoring feelings of safety helps alleviate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on cross\u2010sectional designs. However, feelings of safety may be affected by PTSD over time. As a result, how safety and PTSD interact in victims and their coexisting patterns remain unclear, particularly in children who have suffered from natural disasters. 1593, 1072, and 483 children were recruited at 3\u00a0months (T1), 15\u00a0months (T2), and 27\u00a0months (T3) following a super typhoon, respectively. Children who completed all three waves of self\u2010report questionnaires were included (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0351; 46.15% girls; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>age<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a09.55\u00a0years, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.66). The data were mainly analysed using the latent growth mixture model. The results revealed four distinct conjoint trajectories: resilience PTSD\u2010high and sharply increasing safety (Class 1; 76.07%), resilience PTSD\u2010slowly increasing safety (Class 2; 13.68%), chronic PTSD\u2010moderate and increasing safety (Class 3; 6.27%), and resilience\u2010decreasing safety (Class 4; 3.99%). Trauma exposure and perceived social support at baseline were significantly more strongly related to Class 3 than Class 1. The results indicated that feelings of safety and PTSD showed heterogeneous patterns of coexistence in children. Further, trauma exposure and perceived social support could differentiate children with distinct patterns of safety and PTSD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T17:03:32Z","timestamp":1749834212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does Feeling Safe Mean Being Free From Distress? Assessment of the Co\u2010Existing Trajectories of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Feelings of Safety in Children Following a Natural Disaster"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4946-9413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zijian","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4650-2896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5149-4184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingying","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanshu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3371-2293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2011.603048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Gender Difference in Distress Responses, Rumination Patterns, Perceived Social Support, and Posttraumatic Growth Among Flood Affected Individuals","volume":"10","author":"Aslam N.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15291006103870"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159\u2010023\u201000233\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085650"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113296"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0902_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567\u2010011\u20100094\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005\u20107967(99)00123\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cps0000111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"6","volume-title":"Responding to Disaster: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals","author":"Freedy J. 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