{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T05:24:14Z","timestamp":1784093054216,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002647","name":"Sungkyunkwan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF [2021\u2010R1\u2010I1A2 (059,735)]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF [2021\u2010R1\u2010I1A2 (059,735)]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS [2024\u20100040 (5650)]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS [2024\u20100040 (5650)]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS [2024\u20100044 (0881)]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS [2024\u20100044 (0881)]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS [2019\u2010II19(0421)]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS [2019\u2010II19(0421)]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS [2024\u20100045 (5553)]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS [2024\u20100045 (5553)]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stress and Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intestinal infectious diseases (IIDs), typically considered self\u2010limiting, may exert lasting effects on mental health. This nationwide retrospective cohort study investigated the association between recurrent IID and the subsequent development of psychiatric disorders in South Korea. Using data from the National Health Insurance Service\u2010National Sample Cohort (2002\u20132013), adults with three or more IID diagnoses were matched to controls without IID by age, sex, and health screening year. Eight psychiatric outcomes were examined: depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD), adjustment disorder, organic mental disorders, schizophrenia, and alcohol use disorder. Patients with recurrent IID showed significantly increased risks for depressive disorder (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.14), bipolar disorder (aHR, 1.80), anxiety disorder (aHR, 2.20), OCD (aHR, 3.84), adjustment disorder (aHR, 2.33), and organic mental disorders (aHR, 1.67). Psychiatric risks were disproportionately higher among younger individuals and male patients. A dose\u2010dependent increase in psychiatric risk was observed with higher IID frequency. No significant associations were found for schizophrenia or alcohol use disorder in the overall analysis, although subgroup analyses revealed elevated risks with higher IID exposure. These findings suggest that recurrent IID may contribute to psychiatric morbidity via gut\u2010brain axis disruption and systemic inflammation. Clinical attention to mental health following IID episodes, particularly in vulnerable populations, may be warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T05:25:12Z","timestamp":1756531512000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Psychiatric Morbidity Following Intestinal Infectious Diseases: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2680-2526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaeyoon","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5632-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy Research Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan University  Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8460-5933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hohyun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics Sungshin Women's University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Data Science Center Sungshin Women's University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1226-1414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngoh","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Suwon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Korean Armed Forces Capital Hospital  Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102982.2011.01796.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v38.2.02","article-title":"Alcohol and Gut\u2010Derived Inflammation","volume":"38","author":"Bishehsari F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009759"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102999108"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"The gut\u2010brain Axis: Interactions Between Enteric Microbiota, Central and Enteric Nervous Systems","volume":"28","author":"Carabotti M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745\u20100179\u20105\u201015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2019.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2402.170862"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.26.20113779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(24)00757\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468\u20101253(19)30089\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.673341"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620\u2010015\u20103980\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","article-title":"Association Between Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and meta\u2010analysis in Depression, Schizophrenia, and Bipolar Disorder","author":"Hu Z.\u2010H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"INPLASY \u2010 International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis Protocols"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571\u2010024\u201001496\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133283"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9247586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010024\u201001743\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1751\u20102980.12379"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00652.2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2016144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12717"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1130689"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13010067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2011.238386"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24901"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608\u2010020\u201010112\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000030959"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201070458\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010024\u201002424\u20109"}],"container-title":["Stress and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smi.70103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T18:34:34Z","timestamp":1761762874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smi.70103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smi.70103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.70103","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-3005","1532-2998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-3005","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70103"}}