{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:56:20Z","timestamp":1783036580881,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stress and Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic stress has well\u2010documented adverse effects on physical and psychological health. Beyond contributing to the development of fatigue, its impact is intensified by social stressors such as loneliness, making the development of effective interventions crucial. Our randomised controlled trial therefore investigated whether a 14\u2010day self\u2010soothing touch (SST) intervention reduces stress, fatigue, and loneliness compared to a minimal\u2010instruction meditation control in 78 chronically stressed individuals (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>Age<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a022.2\u00a0years; 81% female). We assessed acute (change pre\u2010to\u2010post session) and cumulative effects (across days) using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), while also collecting retrospective self\u2010reports at baseline, post\u2010intervention, and 4\u2010week follow\u2010up. For EMA outcomes, we additionally tested moderation by attachment anxiety and avoidance. Using linear mixed\u2010effects models, both SST and meditation significantly reduced momentary stress (SST:\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.41, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.08,\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22124.79,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; Control:\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.56, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.09,\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22126.43,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), as well as fatigue (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>SST<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt; 0.001,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>Control<\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and loneliness (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SST<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2264 0.011,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>control<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.004) from pre\u2010to\u2010post session, with no significant group differences (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.212). SST but not meditation yielded a decrease in pre\u2010session fatigue across the intervention period (\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.06, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.02,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), with stronger reductions among individuals higher in attachment avoidance. In contrast, neither intervention had effects on retrospective measures (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.117). Overall, SST emerged as a feasible and accessible approach, comparable to brief meditation in reducing stress, fatigue, and loneliness, with additional benefits particularly for those high in attachment avoidance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T11:20:56Z","timestamp":1770117656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Self\u2010Soothing Touch Reduces Momentary Stress, Fatigue, and Loneliness Comparable to Brief Meditation: A Randomised Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9370-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Maier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ina","family":"Luttenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0786-7267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aljoscha","family":"Dreisoerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Research Platform: The Stress of Life (SOLE)\u00a0\u2013 Processes and Mechanisms Underlying Everyday Life Stress University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3173-3325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bence","family":"Szaszk\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Social and Preventive Medicine Public Mental Health Research Unit Center for Public Health Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605053103"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"702","article-title":"Self\u2010Compassion and Loneliness","volume":"2","author":"Akin A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Online Journal of Educational Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000271"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2648"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci7020029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983\u2010024\u201000891\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517\u20106161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2008.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010025\u201002624\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167220977709"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306\u20104530(94)90005\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t08689\u2010000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpnec.2021.100091"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"R59","article-title":"Introduction to the Hypothalamic\u2013Pituitary\u2013Adrenal Axis: Healthy and Dysregulated Stress Responses, Developmental Stress and Neurodegeneration","volume":"16","author":"Dunlavey C. J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02340"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"The Role of Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Mental Disorders","volume":"23","author":"Esch T.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32598\/sija.13.10.630"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010023\u201002148\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40750\u2010020\u201000138\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010025\u201003635\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/1616\u20103443\/a000088"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010019\u20100501\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02654075211003331"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797612464059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2632"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u2010981\u201032\u20109705\u20100_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2013.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888\u2010016\u20100875\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006\u20103223(99)00164\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201032865\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010019\u201001248\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2010.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010021\u201001718\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20102909.133.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40750\u2010016\u20100052\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671\u2010020\u201001386\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298860309032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010psych\u2010032420\u2010031047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21923"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13110935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","volume-title":"Leibniz\u2010Institut F\u00fcr Psychologie (ZPID) (Hrsg.), Open Test Archive","author":"Neumann E.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/bec.2022.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","unstructured":"OpenAI.2025. \u201cChatGPT (GPT\u20105) [Large language model].\u201dhttps:\/\/chat.openai.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562\u2010024\u201001841\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2024.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2023.2262411"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009937"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","unstructured":"Posit Team.2025.RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R: Computer software.https:\/\/posit.co\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6601_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359\u2010021\u201000585\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2020.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2024.108963"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201066606\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3916"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.38025\/2078\u20101962\u20102023\u201022\u20104\u2010159\u2010166"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165\u20100327(00)00338\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010050212\u2010185510"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010017\u201013355\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1062426"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250830"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0321"}],"container-title":["Stress and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smi.70145","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smi.70145","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smi.70145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T07:41:44Z","timestamp":1780731704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smi.70145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smi.70145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.70145","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-3005","1532-2998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-3005","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70145"}}