{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T01:37:29Z","timestamp":1780623449758,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,28]],"date-time":"2002-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Strategic Management Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The strategy field's core issues\u2014the concept of strategy, causal models relating strategy to other constructs, and models of strategic management and choice\u2014have been previously addressed by two key progressions. The\n                    <jats:italic>mechanistic perspective<\/jats:italic>\n                    based on disciplinary\u2010based theories, the design model, and a view of strategy as a planned posture, has provided a unified view, but a narrow and increasingly less pertinent one. The advent of\n                    <jats:italic>organic developments<\/jats:italic>\n                    that included strategy process research, evolutionary and process models, and interactive and integrative views, has provided richness and pertinence, but not a unified perspective. These two progressions marked an epistemological shift from mechanistic to organic assumptions: from discrete to incessant time, from directional to interactive flow, and from differentiated to integrated constructs and models. Building on this shift, this paper proposes an\n                    <jats:italic>organic perspective<\/jats:italic>\n                    that combines the insights and coherence of the mechanistic perspective with the more relevant organic ideas. It makes use of the organic assumptions to advance a view of strategy as an adaptive coordination, introduce the\n                    <jats:italic>Organization\u2013Environment\u2013Strategy\u2013Performance (OESP)<\/jats:italic>\n                    integrative theoretical model, and present an\n                    <jats:italic>organic<\/jats:italic>\n                    model of strategic management. The organic perspective provides a basis for an upgraded, more unified, and better\u2010attuned view on strategy's core issues. 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