{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T21:29:08Z","timestamp":1767907748088,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31000454"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31000454"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National High Technology Research and Development Program","award":["2011AA02A114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011AA02A114"]}]},{"name":"National High Technology Research and Development Program","award":["2012AA022206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012AA022206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>S\u2010layer proteins create a cell\u2010surface layer architecture in both bacteria and archaea. Because S\u2010layer proteins self\u2010assemble into a native\u2010like S\u2010layer crystalline structure in vitro, they are attractive building blocks in nanotechnology. Here, the potential use of the S\u2010layer protein EA1 from <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic> in constructing a functional nanostructure is investigated, and apply this nanostructure in a proof\u2010of\u2010principle study for serological diagnosis of anthrax. EA1 is genetically fused with methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH), to degrade methyl parathion and provide a label for signal amplification. EA1 not only serves as a nanocarrier, but also as a specific antigen to capture anthrax\u2010specific antibodies. As results, purified EA1\u2013MPH forms a single layer of crystalline nanostructure through self\u2010assembly. Our chimeric nanocatalyst greatly improves enzymatic stability of MPH. When applied to the detection of anthrax\u2010specific antibodies in serum samples, the detection of our EA1\u2013MPH nanostructure is nearly 300 times more sensitive than that of the unassembled complex. Together, it is shown that it is possible to build a functional and highly sensitive nanosensor based on S\u2010layer protein. In conclusion, our present study should serve as a model for the development of other multifunctional nanomaterials using S\u2010layer proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201501413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T16:57:11Z","timestamp":1443632231000},"page":"5826-5832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A S\u2010Layer Protein of <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i> as a Building Block for Functional Protein Arrays by In Vitro Self\u2010Assembly"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xu\u2010Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dian\u2010Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wuhan 430071 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Jun","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biological Imaging Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010En","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/75\/10\/106601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1093"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt874"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.4.859-868.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(96)10063-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200400035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201203116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201300543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3773(19990419)38:8<1034::AID-ANIE1034>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.90.075506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2012.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3lc41308j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn403198a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la0008784"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/39287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja803186e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.232299399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00509-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200700200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn1035729"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2013.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.2941659.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2014.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"490","volume":"42","author":"Chen Y. 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