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Understanding their interactions is thus essential for a newly emerging field, nanomedicine. Chemically converted graphene (CCG) is a wonderful two\u2010dimesional (2D) material for nanomedecine, but its stability in biological environments is limited. Systematic probing on the binding of proteins to CCG is currently lacking. Herein, we report a comprehensive study on the interactions between blood proteins and stabilized CCG (sCCG). CCG nanosheets are functionalized by monolayers of perylene leading to significant improvement in their resistance to electrolyte salts and long\u2010term stability, but retain their core structural characteristics. Five types of model human blood proteins including human fibrinogen, \u03b3\u2010globulin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), insulin, and histone are tested. The main drving forces for blood protein binding involve the \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 interacations between the \u03c0\u2010plane of sCCG and surface aromatic amonic acid (sAA) residues of proteins. Several key binding parameters including the binding amount, Hill coefficient, and binding constant are determined. Through a detailed analysis of key controlling factors, we conclude that the protein binding to sCCG is determined mainly by the protein size, the number, and the density of the sAA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201501819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T19:16:35Z","timestamp":1443467795000},"page":"5814-5825","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Probing Bio\u2013Nano Interactions between Blood Proteins and Monolayer\u2010Stabilized Graphene Sheets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark  DK\u20102800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark"},{"name":"Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques c\/o State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences  Changchun 130022 P. R. 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