{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T00:08:22Z","timestamp":1768003702407,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Photosynthetic biocatalysts are emerging as a new class of materials, with their sophisticated and intricate structure, which promise improved remarkable quantum efficiency compared to conventional inorganic materials in artificial photosynthesis. To break the limitation of efficiency, the construction of bioconjugated photo\u2010electrochemical conversion devices has garnered substantial interest and stood at the frontier of the multidisciplinary research between biology and chemistry. Herein, a biohybrid photoanode of a photosynthetic membrane protein (Photosystem II (PS II)), extracted from fresh spinach entrapped on mesoporous WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> film, is fabricated on fluorine\u2010doped tin oxide. The PS II membrane proteins are observed to communicate with the WO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> electrode in the absence of any soluble redox mediators and sacrificial reagents under the visible light of the solar spectrum, even to 700 nm. The biohybrid electrode undergoes electron transfer and generates a significantly enhanced photocurrent compared to previously reported PS II\u2010based photoanodes with carbon nanostructures or other semiconductor substrates for solar water oxidation. The maximum incident photon\u2010to\u2010current conversion efficiency reaches 15.24% at 400 nm in the visible light region. This work provides some insights and possibilities into the efficient assembly of a future solar energy conversion system based on visible\u2010light\u2010responsive semiconductors and photosynthetic proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201800104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T08:05:56Z","timestamp":1523347556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Interfacing Photosynthetic Membrane Protein with Mesoporous WO<sub>3<\/sub> Photoelectrode for Solar Water Oxidation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University  Sapporo 060\u20100814 Japan"},{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guixia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guigao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huabin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Hai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University  Sapporo 060\u20100814 Japan"},{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University  Sapporo 060\u20100814 Japan"},{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6424-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhua","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University  Sapporo 060\u20100814 Japan"},{"name":"Photocatalytic Materials Group International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI\u2010MANA) National Institute for Materials Science  1\u20101 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u2010 0044 Japan"},{"name":"TJU\u2010NIMS International Collaboration Laboratory School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)  Tianjin 300072 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603395103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201409116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/238037a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201102752"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B800489G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/414625a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201702007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201700793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201203135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201101686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad3317"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b01254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1508075112"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CS00344J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CS60437C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C1EE02426D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CS60378D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1ee01447a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201604093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la0470129"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1200165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C0EE00162G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-017-1606-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00031E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09913"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-004-7081-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2005.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b03737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1741"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201300051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201303671"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz201172y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee40634b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP04575K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR02322J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja301488d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja404699h"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA04964H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CC06900A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2016.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR08178E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200700738"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201500926"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201603840"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.06.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.05.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.01.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.08.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093087"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470753842.ch8","volume-title":"in Bioelectrochemistry: Fundamentals, Experimental Techniques and Applications","author":"Bartlett P. N.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201500383"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200902060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201404556"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-8545(98)00189-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi901691j"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja011315x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b00256"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta10689f"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsmll.201800104","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.201800104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T13:33:42Z","timestamp":1695476022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.201800104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.201800104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.201800104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1800104"}}