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Here, the proposed technology integrates ultrathin epidural electronics into an electrocorticography array, therein simultaneously sampling brain signals in a large area for diagnostic purposes and delivering electrical pulses for treatment. The system is empirically tested to record the ictal\u2010like activities of the thalamocortical network in vitro and in vivo using the epidural electronics. Also, it is newly demonstrated that the electronics selectively diminish epileptiform activities, but not normal signal transduction, in live animals. It is proposed that this technology heralds a new generation of diagnostic and therapeutic brain\u2013machine interfaces. Such an electronic system can be applicable for several brain diseases such as tinnitus, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, depression, and schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201801732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T06:09:20Z","timestamp":1530166160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Epidural Electrotherapy for Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sung\u2010Won","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano\u2010Bioengineering Incheon National University  Incheon 22012 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jejung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minpyo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wonho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byong Seo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong  Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano\u2010Bioengineering Incheon National University  Incheon 22012 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se\u2010Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Seoul National University School of Dentistry  Seoul 08826 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungchil","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong  Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8135-7719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong\u2010Hyun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunggu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano\u2010Bioengineering Incheon National University  Incheon 22012 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.176.4033.424"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_2","first-page":"71","volume":"35","author":"Vergnes M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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