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The X\u2010ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X\u2010ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller analysis reveal that Cu NPs with diameters of 20\u201330 nm are evenly anchored in carbon matrix. The 15 wt%\u2010Cu\/AC\u2010600 catalyst (derived at 600 \u00b0C) exhibits best bifunctional catalysis of aqueous\u2010phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and organic\u2010phase transfer\u2010hydrogenation reaction (THR) to selectively transform vanillin to 2\u2010methoxy\u20104\u2010methylphenol (MMP). In HDO of vanillin, the as\u2010prepared catalyst achieves a 99.9% vanillin conversion and 93.2% MMP selectivity under 120 \u00b0C, 2.0 MPa H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> within 5 h. Meanwhile, near\u2010quantitative vanillin conversion and 99.1% MMP selectivity are also obtained under 180 \u00b0C within 5 h in THR of vanillin by using 2\u2010propanol as hydrogen donor. The transforming pathways of vanillin are also proposed: vanillin is transformed into MMP via intermediate of 4\u2010hydroxymethyl\u20102\u2010methoxyphenol in HDO case and by direct hydrogenolysis of vanillin in THR course. More importantly, the activity and the selectivity do not change after 5 cycles, indicating the catalyst has excellent stability. The Cu\u2010based catalyst is relatively cheap and preparation method is facile, green, and easy scale\u2010up, thus achieving a low\u2010cost transformation of biomass to bio\u2010oils and chemicals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201801953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]],"date-time":"2018-07-30T06:11:24Z","timestamp":1532931084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Highly Dispersed Copper Nanoparticles Supported on Activated Carbon as an Efficient Catalyst for Selective Reduction of Vanillin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Hefei Anhui 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