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A common strategy to realize dual active sites is the use of bimetal compound catalysts, where each metal atom contributes one active site. In this work, a new concept is presented to realize dual active sites with tunable electron densities in monometal compound catalysts. Dual Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> tetrahedral (Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(T<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>)) and Co<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> octahedral (Co<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>(O<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>)) coordination active sites are developed and adjustable electron densities on the Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(T<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>) and Co<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>(O<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>) are further achieved by phosphorus incorporation (P\u2010Co<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>). The experimental results and density functional theory calculations show that the nonmetal P doping can systematically modulate charge density of Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>(T<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>) and Co<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>(O<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>) in P\u2010Co<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub> and simultaneously improve the electrical conductivity of Co<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>, which substantially enhances oxygen evolution reaction performance of P\u2010Co<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201904507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T20:10:30Z","timestamp":1568837430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Phosphorus Incorporation into Co<sub>9<\/sub>S<sub>8<\/sub> Nanocages for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7622-0454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bocheng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom, Kowloon Hong Kong P. 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