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In this study, a theranostics approach is developed for TNBC with ratiometric photoacoustic monitored thiol\u2010initiated hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S) therapy. The ratiometric photoacoustic (PA) probe (CY) with a thiol\u2010initiated H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor (PSD) to form a nanosystem (CY\u2010PSD nanoparticles) is integrated. In this theranostics approach, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S generated from PSD is sensed by CY based on ratiometric PA signals, which simultaneously pinpoints the tumor region. Additionally, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S is cytotoxic toward TNBC cells (MDA\u2010MB 231), showing a tumor inhibition rate of 63%. To further verify its pharmacological mechanism, proteomics analysis is performed on tumors treated with CY\u2010PSD nanoparticles. Cells are killed by the significant mitochondrial dysfunction via supressed energy supply and apoptosis initiation. Besides, the observed inhibition of oxidative stress also generates the cytotoxicity. Significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes pathways related to TNBC are found to be inhibited. This H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S theranostics approach updates the current anticancer therapies which brings promise for women suffering malignant breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202002939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T09:58:24Z","timestamp":1599040704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Efficient Polysulfide\u2010Based Nanotheranostics for Triple\u2010Negative Breast Cancer: Ratiometric Photoacoustics Monitored Tumor Microenvironment\u2010Initiated H<sub>2<\/sub>S Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu\u2010Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic\/Bio\u2010Electronics &amp; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University  Nanjing 211816 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays &amp; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing University of Posts &amp; Telecommunications  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays &amp; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing University of Posts &amp; Telecommunications  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu\u2010Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic\/Bio\u2010Electronics &amp; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University  Nanjing 211816 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays &amp; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing University of Posts &amp; Telecommunications  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Macau  Macau Macau SAR 999078 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunlu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Macau  Macau Macau SAR 999078 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province &amp; School of Physics Science and Information Engineering Liaocheng University  Liaocheng 252059 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu\u2010Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic\/Bio\u2010Electronics &amp; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University  Nanjing 211816 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu\u2010Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic\/Bio\u2010Electronics &amp; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University  Nanjing 211816 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9387-0165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quli","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays &amp; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing University of Posts &amp; Telecommunications  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu\u2010Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic\/Bio\u2010Electronics &amp; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University  Nanjing 211816 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","first-page":"329","volume":"14","author":"Sheikh M. 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