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However, the variable valences and abundant forms of nano\u2010sulfides have complicated investigations on their antibacterial activity. Here, carbon nanospheres (CNSs) with decoration of ultrasmall FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanoparticles (CNSs@FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) is synthesized, and their antibacterial ability and mechanism are explored. The CNSs@FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> released Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and sulfur ions simultaneously through dissolution and disproportionation. In vitro study indicated that the released Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> killed bacteria by increasing the oxidative state of bacterial surfaces and intracellular molecules. Importantly, the released sulfur exhibited a protective effect on Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, ensuring the stable existence of Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> to continuously combat bacteria. Moreover, the carbon shells of CNSs@FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> not only prevented the aggregation of FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> but also accelerated the release of Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> through photothermal effects to achieve synergistic hyperthermia\/Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> therapy. In vivo experiments indicated that treatment with CNSs@FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> resulted in a marked reduction in bacterial number and improvement in survival in an acute peritonitis mouse model, and antibacterial wound experiments demonstrated high efficacy of CNSs@FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010enabled synergistic hyperthermia\/Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> therapy. Thus, this study clarifies the antibacterial mechanism of FeS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and offers a synergetic therapeutic platform with laser\u2010mediated Fe<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release for antibacterial applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202005473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T15:48:03Z","timestamp":1614872883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Ultrasmall FeS<sub>2<\/sub> Nanoparticles\u2010Decorated Carbon Spheres with Laser\u2010Mediated Ferrous Ion Release for Antibacterial Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2622-0151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juqun","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Institute of Translational Medicine Yangzhou University  Yangzhou 225009 China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key 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