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Herein biocompatible nanoparticles based on a peroxalate ester derived from vitamin E (defined as OVE) are developed. In combination with different fluorophores, OVE can generate luminescence systems with emission wavelengths varying from blue to the near\u2010infrared light in its native and nanoparticle forms, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). The OVE\u2010based nanoprobes exhibit high luminescence signals with extremely long lifetime, upon triggering by inflammatory conditions with abnormally elevated H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Activated neutrophils and macrophages can be illuminated by this type of luminescent nanoprobes, with luminescence intensities positively correlated with inflammatory cell counts. In mouse models of peritonitis, alcoholic liver injury, drug\u2010induced acute liver injury, and acute lung injury, the developed luminescence nanoprobes enable precision imaging of inflammation and disease progression. Moreover, tumors expressing a high level of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> can be shined. Importantly, the OVE\u2010based nanoplatform shows excellent in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202100045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T06:14:46Z","timestamp":1621923286000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Wavelength\u2010Tunable, Long Lifetime, and Biocompatible Luminescent Nanoparticles Based on a Vitamin E\u2010Derived Material for Inflammation and Tumor Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xinhao","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Medical Technology Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College  Hanzhong Shaanxi 723000 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