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However, plate removal is often required due to implant complications. Among them, a biofilm formation on an infected miniplate is associated with severe inflammation, which frequently results in implant failure. In light of this, new strategies to control or treat oral bacterial biofilm are of high interest. Herein, the authors exploit the ability of nanorobots against multispecies bacterial biofilm grown onto facial commercial titanium miniplate implants to simulate pathogenic conditions of the oral microenvironment. The strategy is based on the use of light\u2010driven self\u2010propelled tubular black\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ag nanorobots, that unlike traditional ones, exhibit an extended absorption and motion actuation from UV to the visible\u2010light range. The motion analysis is performed separately over UV, blue, and green light irradiation and shows different motion behaviors, including a fast rotational motion that decreases with increasing wavelengths. The biomass reduction is monitored by evaluating LIVE\/DEAD fluorescent and digital microscope images of bacterial biofilm treated with the nanorobots under motion\/no\u2010motion conditions. The current study and the obtained results can bring significant improvements for effective therapy of infected metallic miniplates by biofilm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202200708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T07:36:34Z","timestamp":1652168194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Light\u2010Propelled Nanorobots for Facial Titanium Implants Biofilms Removal"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-6725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Ussia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology  Purky\u0148ova 123 Brno 612 00 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7993-8138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Urso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology  Purky\u0148ova 123 Brno 612 00 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stepan","family":"Kment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN) Palack\u00fd University Olomouc  \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27 Olomouc 783 71 Czech Republic"},{"name":"Nanotechnology Centre Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies V\u0160B \u2013 Technical University of Ostrava  17. listopadu 2172\/15 Ostrava\u2010Poruba 708 00 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Fialova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno  Zemedelska 1\/1665 Brno 613 00 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Klima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Medicine General University Hospital in Prague and First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Katerinska 32 Prague CZ\u201012108 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristyna","family":"Dolezelikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno  Zemedelska 1\/1665 Brno 613 00 Czech Republic"},{"name":"Center for Zoonotic Diseases Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Palackeho 1946\/1 Brno 612 42 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5846-2951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Pumera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology  Purky\u0148ova 123 Brno 612 00 Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University  50 Yonsei\u2010ro, Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 03722 Korea"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University  No. 91 Hsueh\u2010Shih Road Taichung 40402 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31688"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14082030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e3181effa53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"11","volume":"5","author":"Do T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin., Cosmet. 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