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Through further optimization, excellent superhydrophobic\/superhydrophilic properties (contact angle 157.1\u00b0\/0\u00b0), superior filtering effects (93.54% for PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> and 98.35% for PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>), with a low\u2010filtration resistance (57\u00a0Pa) and a quality factor of up to 0.072\u00a0Pa<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> are achieved, all better than that of commercial N95 masks. In addition, the membrane allows for the directional transport of water vapor from the inside out, increasing the water vapor transmission rate by more than 20% compared with the monolayer hydrophobic microsphere membrane. It also has a bactericidal capacity of over 99.9999% against Escherichia coli and is\u00a0tested for robustness and stability in various extreme environments. This work may shed light on designing novel filter media with versatile functions, meanwhile, the materials can also be used in protective equipment against the new coronavirus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T01:58:35Z","timestamp":1667527115000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Constructing Janus Microsphere Membranes for Particulate Matter Filtration, Directional Water Vapor Transfer, and High\u2010Efficiency Broad\u2010Spectrum Sterilization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University  Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering  Weijin Road 92 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