{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:46:53Z","timestamp":1787507213756,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CD6X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD6X"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Highly sensitive broadband photodetectors are critical to numerous cutting\u2010edge technologies such as biomedical imaging, environment monitoring, and night vision. Here, phototransistors based on mixed Sn\/Pb perovskites are reported, which demonstrate ultrahigh responsivity, gain and specific detectivity in a broadband from ultraviolet to near\u2010infrared region. The interface properties of the perovskite phototransistors are optimized by a special three\u2010step cleaning\u2010healing\u2010cleaning treatment, leading to a high hole mobility in the channel. The highly sensitive performance of the mixed Sn\/Pb perovskite phototransistors can be attributed to the vertical compositional heterojunction automatically formed during the film deposition, which is helpful for the separation of photocarriers thereby enhancing a photogating effect in the perovskite channel. This work demonstrates a convenient approach to achieving high\u2010performance phototransistors through tuning compositional gradient in mixed\u2010metal perovskite channels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T05:45:49Z","timestamp":1669009549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Highly Sensitive Broadband Phototransistors Based on Gradient Tin\/Lead Mixed Perovskites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0396-4273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hok\u2010Leung","family":"Loi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiupeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Ki","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrative Systems and Design Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitch Guijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrative Systems and Design Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong SAR P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7385-6334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong"},{"name":"Research Institute of Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 999077 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.15.002288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.478858"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2006.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3.64354"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014501108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.5.000413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7SC03454G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/86684"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201500271"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201703451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718917115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8SC01153B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201802546"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-016-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.06.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201802349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja506265h"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201600316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201903907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201601196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2017.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201603573"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45543"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201800527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"341","volume":"342","author":"Stranks S. D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b01535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa5760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201305172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sstr.202100165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sstr.202000124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100569"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201605242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC03612D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201702107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201605448"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja5033259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201701053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201905362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202001534"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5b00431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-020-00486-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201602696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b08337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.104099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201802803"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b04981"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA05308E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.1.3351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","first-page":"861","volume":"354","author":"Eperon G. E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.7b01287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA02662E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b04011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201802774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA05916K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202107729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202200418"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202100046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201404495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC03296D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE00413J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5b00420"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2019.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1949713"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470068329"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b05774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201706068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202003852"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27565-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202010532"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b21666"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07440-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202000776"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TC04691C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9238"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b00380"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2010.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201202220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703209"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202205976","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202205976","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202205976","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T17:12:08Z","timestamp":1692465128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202205976"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202205976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202205976","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2205976"}}