{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:51:09Z","timestamp":1791899469541,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"44","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFA1101203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFA1101203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFA0710702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0710702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31930068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31930068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51822207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51822207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51772292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51772292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Poor therapeutic outcomes of antioxidants in ophthalmologic clinical applications, including glutathione during photoreceptor degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa (RP), are caused by limited anti\u2010oxidative capacity. In this study, fullerenols are synthesized and proven to be highly efficient in vitro radical scavengers. Fullerenol\u2010based intravitreal injections significantly improve the flash electroretinogram and light\/dark transition tests performed for 28 days on rd1 mice, reduce the thinning of retinal outer nuclear layers, and preserve the Rhodopsin, Gnat\u20101, and Arrestin expressions of photoreceptors. RNA\u2010sequencing, RT\u2010qPCR, and Western blotting validate that mitochondrial DNA (mt\u2010DNA)\u2010encoded genes of the electron transport chain (ETC), such as\n                    <jats:italic>mt\u2010Nd4l<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>mt\u2010Co1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>mt\u2010Cytb<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>mt\u2010Atp6<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are drastically downregulated in the retinas of rd1 mice, whereas nuclear DNA (n\u2010DNA)\u2010encoded genes, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Ndufa1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Atp5g3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are abnormally upregulated. Fullerenols thoroughly reverse the abnormal mt\u2010DNA and n\u2010DNA expression patterns of the ETC and restore mitochondrial function in degenerating photoreceptors. Additionally, fullerenols simultaneously repress Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1)\u2010mediated mt\u2010DNA cleavage and mt\u2010DNA leakage via voltage\u2010dependent anion channel (VDAC) pores by downregulating the transcription of\n                    <jats:italic>Fen1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Vdac1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , thereby inactivating the downstream pro\u2010inflammatory cGAS\u2010STING pathway. These findings demonstrate that fullerenols can effectively alleviate photoreceptor degeneration in rd1 mice and serve as a viable treatment for RP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T22:57:26Z","timestamp":1688597846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Alleviation of Photoreceptor Degeneration Based on Fullerenols in rd1 Mice by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Modulation of Mitochondrial DNA Transcription and Leakage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Junling","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luodan","family":"A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoru","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"},{"name":"College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Medical Sciences Research Center University\u2010Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanjun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"},{"name":"College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8840-7918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiwei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration &amp; Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest Hospital  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25204-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03738-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2100566118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9040347"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S362401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080761"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI132990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1202","volume":"19","author":"Raghu G.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01550-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2020.00673"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S202466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9010025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202102035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.131725"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN00631G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aav3335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.12.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111917"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0349-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.014411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2010417117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA120.013043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03660-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.599735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1714209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4553"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-199869"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1998.0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.651579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0653-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20100208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201801995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202201159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.4294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbab108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14999-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-022-01280-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2016.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)02004-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.3049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806883105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0354"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4450"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-022-00967-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9895245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16312-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22053-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000485085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-5148-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-018-0103-9"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202205998","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T10:10:01Z","timestamp":1720606201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202205998"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"44","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202205998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202205998","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2205998"}}