{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:02:23Z","timestamp":1791090143249,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]],"date-time":"2023-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Optimizing photosynthesis is imperative for providing energy and organics for all life on the earth. Here, carbon dots doped with pyridinic nitrogen (named lev\u2010CDs) are synthesized by the one\u2010pot hydrothermal method, and the structure\u2013function relationship between functional groups on lev\u2010CDs and photosynthesis of <jats:italic>Chlorella pyrenoidosa<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. pyrenoidosa<\/jats:italic>) is proposed. Pyridinic nitrogen plays a key role in the positive effect on photosynthesis caused by lev\u2010CDs. In detail, lev\u2010CDs act as electron donors to supply photo\u2010induced electrons to P680<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and QA<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, causing electron transfer from lev\u2010CDs to the photosynthetic electron transport chain in the photosystems. In return, the recombination efficiency of electron\u2013hole pairs on lev\u2010CDs decreases. As a result, the electron transfer rate in the electron transport chain, the activity of photosystem II, and the Calvin cycle are enhanced. Moreover, the electron transfer rate between <jats:italic>C. pyrenoidosa<\/jats:italic> and external circumstances enhanced by lev\u2010CDs is about 50%, and electrons exported from <jats:italic>C. pyrenoidosa<\/jats:italic> can be used to reduce iron(III). This study is of great significance for engineering nanomaterials to improve photosynthesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202206222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T04:49:06Z","timestamp":1678682946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Pyridinic Nitrogen Doped Carbon Dots Supply Electrons to Improve Photosynthesis and Extracellular Electron Transfer of <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xiaoman","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou 510642 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and 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