{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:30:28Z","timestamp":1789144228394,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The airborne particulate matter (PM) seriously threatens people's health. Personal protective equipment with electrospun nanofibers is an effective method to make people away from air pollutants. Herein, 3D waterproof melamine\u2010formaldehyde polyvinyl alcohol (MF\u2010PVA) nanofibrous membranes are fabricated by a one\u2010step method combining multi\u2010unit needleless electrospinning and a thermal treatment device in a line. 3D nanofibrous structures can be controlled by adjusting the solution concentration of each unit. The PVA nanofibrous membranes become waterproof after cross\u2010linking with MF resin in the following thermal treatment device. The optimized MF\u2010PVA nanofibrous membrane shows excellent air filtration performance (97.3% for PM<jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub>, 100% for PM<jats:sub>1.0<\/jats:sub>, and 100% for PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>) and low air resistance (76\u00a0Pa). These 3D waterproof MF\u2010PVA nanofibrous membranes exhibit ultra\u2010stable performance in various practical environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202206403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T02:26:42Z","timestamp":1670812002000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Multi\u2010Unit Needleless Electrospinning for One\u2010Step Construction of 3D Waterproof MF\u2010PVA Nanofibrous Membranes as High\u2010Performance Air Filters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1128-3467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilong","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials and Chemistry &amp; Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology  Chengdu 610059 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Frontier Materials Deakin University  Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiabing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Big Health and Intelligent Engineering Chengdu Medical College  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanpeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"},{"name":"Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University  Chengdu 610500 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0263-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.120857"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201904108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mame.202000450"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201702139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201909554"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125373"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b07293"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2020.117879"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b10094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201903633"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b19741"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202107250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40843-018-9320-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA17097H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA00977H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201603151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2019.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202002361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-04012-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2015.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2017.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2016.1172058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2012.01.050"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202206403","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202206403","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202206403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T08:26:24Z","timestamp":1692347184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202206403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202206403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202206403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2206403"}}