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Let alone, gynecological cancer (such as ovarian cancer and cervical cancer) is a severe threat to most women's lives. Endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other chronic diseases\u2010induced pain have significantly harmed women's physical and mental health. Despite recent advances in the female reproductive field, the existing challenges are still enormous such as personalization of disease, difficulty in diagnosing early cancers, antibiotic resistance in infectious diseases, etc. To confront such challenges, nanoparticle\u2010based imaging tools and phototherapies that offer minimally invasive detection and treatment of reproductive tract\u2010associated pathologies are indispensable and innovative. Of late, several clinical trials have also been conducted using nanoparticles for the early detection of female reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics. However, these nanoparticle trials are still nascent due to the body's delicate and complex female reproductive system. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging nanoparticle\u2010based imaging and phototherapies applications, which hold enormous promise for improved early diagnosis and effective treatments of various female reproductive organ diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202207694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T10:25:40Z","timestamp":1683541540000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Application of Nanoparticle\u2010Based Imaging and Phototherapy for Female Reproductive Organs Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Lihua","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University  866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. 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