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Present fluorophores show a promising prospect for NIR\u2010II imaging, but brightness and photostability are still highly challenging during real\u2010time monitoring. In this work, atom\u2010engineered NIR\u2010II Au\n                    <jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cd\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0clusters with ultrahigh brightness, stability, and photostability are developed via single atomic Cd doping. Single atom Cd substitutions contribute to Cd 4d state in HOMO and redistribution of energy level near the gap, exhibiting 56\u2010fold fluorescence enhancement of Au\n                    <jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cd\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0clusters. Meanwhile, single atomic Cd reinforces Cd\uf8ffAu bond energy, formation energy, and stabilized cluster structure, leading to persistent stability for up to 1\u00a0month without decay, as well as excellent photostability of 1\u00a0h without photobleaching, much longer than clinically approved indocyanine green (&lt;5\u00a0min). In vivo imaging shows gold clusters can monitor acute kidney injury (AKI) even after 72\u00a0h of injury, enabling evaluating progression at a very long window. Meanwhile, the bioactive gold clusters can alleviate AKI\u2010induced oxidative stress damage and acute neuroinflammation. Single atom\u2010engineered gold clusters exhibit molecular tracking and diagnostic prospect in kidney\u2010related diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202300145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T10:15:31Z","timestamp":1681467331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Single Atom\u2010Engineered NIR\u2010II Gold Clusters with Ultrahigh Brightness and Stability for Acute Kidney Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"You","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain 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