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While several post\u2010infection\u00a0treatment have been suggested, developing more efficient and innovative antiviral methods are necessary due to the limitations of current therapeutic approaches. To address this challenge, a strategy combining photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy, using a photosensitizer (TPA\u2010Py\u2010PhMe) with high type I and type II reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability is\u00a0proposed. This approach can inactivate the RABV by killing the virus directly and activating the immune response. At the cellular level, TPA\u2010Py\u2010PhMe can reduce the virus titer under preinfection prophylaxis and postinfection treatment, with its antiviral effect mainly dependent on ROS and pro\u2010inflammatory factors. Intriguingly, when mice are\u00a0injected with TPA\u2010Py\u2010PhMe and exposed to white light irradiation at three days post\u2010infection, the onset of disease is\u00a0delayed, and survival rates improved to some extent. Overall, this\u00a0study shows that photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy open new avenues for future antiviral research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202303542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T06:46:00Z","timestamp":1689057960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Molecular Engineering of AIE Photosensitizers for Inactivation of Rabies Virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yujie","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric Y.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Changchun 130122 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 130062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan. 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