{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:31:37Z","timestamp":1784259097895,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"44","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52072283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hard carbon is generally accepted as the choice of anode material for sodium\u2010ion batteries. However, integrating high capacity, high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), and good durability in hard carbon materials remains challenging. Herein, N\u2010doped hard carbon microspheres (NHCMs) with abundant Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> adsorption sites and tunable interlayer distance are constructed based on the amine\u2013aldehyde condensation reaction using <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine and formaldehyde as the precursors. The optimized NHCM\u20101400 with a considerable N content (4.64%) demonstrates a high ICE (87%), high reversible capacity with ideal durability (399 mAh g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> at 30\u00a0mA g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 98.5% retention over 120 cycles), and decent rate capability (297 mAh g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> at 2000\u00a0mA g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). In situ characterizations elucidate the adsorption\u2013intercalation\u2010filling sodium storage mechanism of NHCMs. Theoretical calculation reveals that the N\u2010doping decreases the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> adsorption energy on hard carbon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202303790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T05:46:02Z","timestamp":1688017562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Amine\u2013Aldehyde Condensation\u2010Derived N\u2010Doped Hard Carbon Microspheres for High\u2010Capacity and Robust Sodium Storage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ran","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology  Wuhan 430070 P. R. 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