{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T21:11:16Z","timestamp":1773868276795,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"49","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22278347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22278347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To obtain anode materials with high capacity\/energy density for lithium\u2010ion batteries, a polyanionic compound Li<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>FeGeO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> is prepared, which combines the conversion\u2010type Fe\u2010based oxide and the alloy\u2010type Ge\u2010based oxide at the atomic scale. The influence of citric acid in the sol\u2013gel process on the structure and performance of the calcined products (LFG0, LFG1, and LFG2) is investigated. The results demonstrate that citric acid does not affect the phase of Li<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>FeGeO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. However, with the increase of citric acid, the crystallinity and grain size of the final product are reduced and its dispersion becomes better. Among the as\u2010prepared samples, LFG1 exhibits moderate particle size and more uniform dispersion, providing a high discharge capacity of 669.7\u00a0mAh\u00a0g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> at 0.5\u00a0A\u00a0g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> after 200 cycles. Based on the ex situ XPS and operando XRD tests, it is found that the electrochemical reaction process of LFG1 is controlled by both the conversion of iron\/germanium and the alloying of germanium. In addition, it is verified that the reaction mechanism of LFG1 for aqueous lithium\u2010ion capacitors is also controlled by iron and germanium elements. Importantly, Li<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>FeGeO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> is first proved to be a novel anode for lithium\u2010ion batteries and lithium\u2010ion capacitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202304593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T05:54:11Z","timestamp":1691819651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Novel Anode Material Li<sub>2<\/sub>FeGeO<sub>4<\/sub> with Lithium Storage Mechanism Controlled by Both Iron and Germanium Elements"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University  Urumqi Xinjiang 830017 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yakun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University  Urumqi Xinjiang 830017 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6029-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University  Urumqi Xinjiang 830017 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University  Urumqi Xinjiang 830017 P. R. 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