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Considering the stubborn nature and depth of tissue infection, rapid and effective treatments for osteomyelitis remain an enormous challenge. Calcium hydride (CaH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), as efficient hydrogen\/alkaline\/calcium donors, is employed for combined osteomyelitis therapy. CaH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reacts with water to sufficiently generate a strong alkali environment with hydroxide anions (OH\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) to inhibit bacterial proliferation and induce bacterial death. The released calcium ions (Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) induce calcium overload to kill bacteria first and then serves as calcium source to promote new bone formation. Another byproduct, hydrogen enhances the bacterial membrane permeability and scavenges excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). After incubation with bacteria, CaH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    significantly increases the permeability of the bacterial membrane, therefore increasing the entry of OH\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    into bacterial cells, thereby leading to significant bacterial death. After being applied to\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010infected mouse tibia osteomyelitis, CaH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    materials efficiently kill bacteria, relieve local inflammation, and promote new bone formation in a short time. Overall, bioactive metal hydride\u2010associated \u201ctriple\u201d hydrogen\/alkaline\/calcium therapy provides a new idea for the treatment of deep\u2010site bacterial infection, which is beneficial for relieving the pressure caused by antibiotic\u2010resistant bacteria.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202306315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T03:41:21Z","timestamp":1719027681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Bioactive Calcium Hydride\u2010Driving \u201cTriple\u201d Hydrogen\/Alkaline\/Calcium Therapy for Efficient Treatment of Osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou 215000 China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Wenzhou Central Hospital  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