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Compared to existing strategies, this approach offers bottom\u2010up molecular control, high customizability, and rapid and precise 3D fabrication. The printable cell\u2010adhesive polyethylene glycol (PEG) based material includes an Arg\u2010Gly\u2010Asp (RGD) containing peptide synthesized through solid\u2010phase peptide synthesis, allowing for precise control of the peptide design. Remarkably, minimal amounts of RGD peptide (&lt;\u00a00.1\u00a0wt%) suffice for imparting cell\u2010adhesiveness, while maintaining identical mechanical properties in the 3D printed microstructures to those of the cell\u2010repellent, PEG\u2010based material. Fluorescent labeling of the RGD peptide facilitates visualization of its presence in cell\u2010adhesive areas. To demonstrate the broad applicability of the system, the fabrication of cell\u2010adhesive 2.5D and 3D structures is shown, fostering the adhesion of fibroblast cells within these architectures. Thus, this approach allows for the printing of high\u2010resolution, true 3D structures suitable for diverse applications, including cellular studies in complex environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202401344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T06:34:05Z","timestamp":1714977245000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Multimaterial 3D Laser Printing of Cell\u2010Adhesive and Cell\u2010Repellent Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0954-7956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"Schwegler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials Heidelberg University  Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry Heidelberg University  Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 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