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However, the rapid release of growth factors limits its effectiveness in clinical applications, and thus, multiple intrauterine infusions are often required to achieve therapeutic efficacy. In this study, a GelMA hydrogel microsphere biomaterial is developed using droplet microfluidics to modify the delivery mode of PRP and thus prolong its duration of action. Its biocompatibility is confirmed through both in vivo and in vitro studies. Cell experiments show that PRP\u2010loaded microspheres significantly enhance cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. In vivo experiments show that the effects of PRP\u2010loaded microspheres on repairing the endometrium and restoring fertility in mice could achieve the impact of triple PRP intrauterine infusions. Further mechanistic investigations reveal that PRP could facilitate endometrial repair by regulating the expression of E2Fs, a group of transcription factors. This study demonstrates that hydrogel microspheres could modify the delivery of PRP and prolong its duration of action, enabling endometrial repair and functional reconstruction. This design avoids repeated intrauterine injections of PRP in the clinic, reduces the number of patient visits, and provides a new avenue for clinical treatment of thin endometrium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202403890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T05:34:55Z","timestamp":1724909695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Injectable GelMA Hydrogel Microspheres with Sustained Release of Platelet\u2010Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Thin Endometrium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Guanghui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenghao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao University  Qingdao 266000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaiqian","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao University  Qingdao 266000 China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Textile Materials College of Textile &amp; Clothing Qingdao University  Qingdao 266071 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuifang","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine Women and Children's Hospital Qingdao University  Qingdao 266011 China"},{"name":"Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health  Qingdao 266011 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4134-307X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University  Qingdao 266001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.11.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-019-01576-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1057","volume":"27","author":"Zhao J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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