{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T03:34:55Z","timestamp":1784604895807,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010274","name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23\u2010CoE\u2010BT\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23\u2010CoE\u2010BT\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs) offer several benefits to patients with lower extremity arterial diseases, including reduced pain, simpler anesthesia, and shorter recovery time, compared to open surgery. However, to monitor the endovascular tools inside the body, PVIs are conducted under X\u2010ray fluoroscopy, which poses serious long\u2010term health risks to physicians and patients. Shortwave infrared (SWIR) imaging of quantum dots (QDs) has shown great potential in bioimaging due to the non\u2010ionizing penetration of SWIR light through tissues. In this paper, a QD\u2010based magnetic guidewire and its system is introduced that allows X\u2010ray\u2010free detection under SWIR imaging and precise steering via magnetic manipulation. The QD magnetic guidewire contains a flexible silicone tube encapsulating a QD polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite, where HgCdSe\/HgS\/CdS\/CdZnS\/ZnS\/SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    core\/multi\u2010shell QDs are dispersed in the PDMS matrix for SWIR imaging upon near\u2010infrared excitation, as well as a permanent magnet for magnetic steering. The SWIR penetration of the QD magnetic guidewire is investigated within an artificial tissue model (1% Intralipid) and explore the potential for non\u2010fluoroscopic PVIs within a vascular phantom model. The QD magnetic guidewire is biocompatible in its entirety, with excellent resistance to photobleaching and chemical alteration, which is a promising sign for its future clinical implementation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202404251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T05:36:16Z","timestamp":1724391376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Shortwave Infrared Imaging of a Quantum Dot\u2010Based Magnetic Guidewire Toward Non\u2010Fluoroscopic Peripheral Vascular Interventions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-8379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junsun","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Mechanical Engineering \u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)  Lausanne 1015 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0960-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beomjoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4428-3466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaewon","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2513-0912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyudong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nanotechnology DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwajun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nanotechnology DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Intelligent Robotics DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonggu","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intelligent Robotics DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4504-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Jun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nanotechnology DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4121-0437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin\u2010young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Biotechnology DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3613-2833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongsoo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"DGIST\u2010ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Research Center DGIST  Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcnurse.2008.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01213-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-6929-1.00010-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5758\/vsi.2019.35.2.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7020023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-017-1674-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(94)71456-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867311209066171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kql113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-009-9756-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"388","volume":"45","author":"Junk A. K.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"269","volume":"111","author":"Vecchia E. D.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Lav."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.12.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carrev.2013.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJV7I9A172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2015.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000290614.76386.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-009-1388-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12194-013-0246-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42114-023-00642-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00678-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"9","volume":"2","author":"Machado C. N.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jcis.JCIS_34_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11370-020-00311-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abg9907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aax7329"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aax7342"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2018.0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202102529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0082-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202100247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2017-0039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b11567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR06261H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.27995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2020.1759549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14670"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr300213b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2014.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2012.328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155411398487"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja061225y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200801153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2021.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-020-00554-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn9001616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja063166u"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201900321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202301161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2004.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-016-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.3.030901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/38\/15\/004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2005.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","first-page":"59","volume":"33","author":"Nelson S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Princ. Pract. Cutan. Laser Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-304243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.006086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09043-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pjmpe-2017-0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.3.035002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2014.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1344191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1900120510"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803210115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0b013e3182983fd4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21943"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718917115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2010.2073030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp012018h"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.precisioneng.2022.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.011889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201501131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl0347334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-10-37"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8183.2008.00384.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201706356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn901421v"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn406348v"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.6b02227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202301033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2012.3284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.0c01607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.24.8.080901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2021-0551"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemolab.2021.104390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-55528-5_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.09.010"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202404251","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/smll.202404251","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202404251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:29:25Z","timestamp":1772958565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202404251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202404251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202404251","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2404251"}}