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This is because traditional PDT relies on Type\u2010II reactions that require oxygen. Type\u2010I photosensitizers (PSs) offer a promising approach to overcome the limitations of tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) in hypoxic environments. To leverage the advantages of Type\u2010I PDT, the design and evaluation of a series of Type\u2010I PSs for developing pure Type\u20101 PSs, by incorporating benzene, thiophene, or bithiophene into the donor\u2013acceptor molecular skeleton are reported. Among them,\n                    <jats:bold>CTTI<\/jats:bold>\n                    (with bithiophene) shows the best performance, generating the most superoxide radical (O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2022\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) upon light irradiation. Importantly,\n                    <jats:bold>CTTI<\/jats:bold>\n                    exclusively produced superoxide radicals, avoiding the less effective Type\u2010II pathway. This efficiency is due to\n                    <jats:bold>CTTI's<\/jats:bold>\n                    energy gap and low reduction potential, which favor electron transfer to oxygen for O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2022\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    generation. Finally,\n                    <jats:bold>CTTI NPs<\/jats:bold>\n                    are successfully fabricated by encapsulating\n                    <jats:bold>CTTI<\/jats:bold>\n                    into liposomes, and validated to be effective in killing tumor cells, even under hypoxic conditions, making them promising hypoxia\u2010tolerant tumor phototheranostic agents in both in vitro and in vivo applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202405164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T08:14:50Z","timestamp":1724487290000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Molecular Engineering of Pure Superoxide Radical Photogenerator for Hypoxia\u2010Tolerant Tumor Theranostics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jipeng","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University  Changsha 410013 P. 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