{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:08:41Z","timestamp":1791256121808,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"50","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82200444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82200444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Zwitterionic hydrogels exhibit great potential in biomedical applications due to their antifouling properties and biocompatibility. However, the single\u2010network structure of pure zwitterionic hydrogels leads to a low toughness and strength, limiting their application in biomedical fields. In this work, a high entanglement sulfobetaine methacrylate\u2010dopamine hydrogel (SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE) with low cross\u2010linker content and high monomer concentration is prepared by using a dopamine oxidative radical polymerization method. Compared to a regular zwitterionic hydrogel, the SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel exhibits a 5\u2010fold increase in tensile fracture stress and a 10\u2010fold increase in compressive fracture stress. The SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel possesses excellent mechanical properties (the maximum compressive stress \u22654.85\u00a0MPa, the maximum compressive strain \u226590%). Besides, the non\u2010covalent interactions between catechol or ortho\u2010quinones within the SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel, combined with strong intermolecular electrostatic interactions, endow the SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel with great self\u2010healing capabilities and fatigue resistance. The SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel demonstrates low swellability and possesses good antifouling properties. Furthermore, the good printability and conductivity of the tough SBMA\u2010DA\u2010PE hydrogel endows it with new possibilities for developing biological 3D scaffolds and electronic devices. Overall, this work provides new insights into the preparation of zwitterionic hydrogels with high mechanical strength and multi\u2010functionality for biomedical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202405789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T05:21:43Z","timestamp":1727241703000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Self\u2010Polymerized Tough and High\u2010Entanglement Zwitterionic Functional Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Luxing","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan Shandong 250061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration &amp; Development  Beijing 100080 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan Shandong 250100 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices &amp; Department of Cardiology &amp; The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou Zhejiang 310000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan Shandong 250061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan Shandong 250100 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baohua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valiant Corporation Limited  Yantai Shandong 264006 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valiant Corporation Limited  Yantai Shandong 264006 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haichao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valiant Corporation Limited  Yantai Shandong 264006 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valiant Corporation Limited  Yantai Shandong 264006 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4598-4747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan Shandong 250061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00344"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.139314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB02323C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0601-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TB00845K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202301773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102479"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC01977B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.2c00713"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc5442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.1c02781"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.12.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB01163K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MH00629H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg6320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c02139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202210021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.147689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB01817B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.2c00482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b05318"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201907505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2023.101740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4MH00164H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45485-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp710683w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2023.341948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SC04486E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202301405"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201510319"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1502545112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-021-00302-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202311795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eml.2022.101953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c00228"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2021.108138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chphma.2022.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2024.123094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111298"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giant.2023.100188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40544-023-0741-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202310870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151846"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202304439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b00172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33081-7"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202405789","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T07:34:38Z","timestamp":1733988878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202405789"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"50","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202405789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202405789","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2405789"}}