{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:05:22Z","timestamp":1791605122975,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Reducing carbon dioxide (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) emissions is a critical environmental challenge. Capturing CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    by solid polyethylenimine (PEI) sorbents is proposed as a strategy to address this concern. The CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    forms carbamates with the amine groups on the solid sorbent. However, solid PEI sorbents are unstable under O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010containing flue gas streams, a property that has greatly limited their industrial importance. To combat this O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010sensitivity, the amount of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    desorbed per cycle is reduced to protect amines by the formed carbamates. These carbamates sufficiently reduce oxidative cleavage and maintain a low k\n                    <jats:sub>deac<\/jats:sub>\n                    of \u22120.00373 cycle\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    while maintaining a working capacity of 2.88 wt% (0.65\u00a0mmol g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) under an O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010containing gas mixture. Additionally, it is discovered that the degradation rate can be tuned through adjusting the sorbent working capacity; this tunability can be used to inform future process simulations. This approach offers an additive\u2010free pathway toward oxidatively stable PEI carbon capture sorbents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202408462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T08:13:52Z","timestamp":1745568832000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Incomplete CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Desorption Enhances O\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Stability of Solid Amine Carbon Capture Sorbents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9540-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul E.","family":"Savas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7627-2980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nghi","family":"La","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6427-4129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiyin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shared Equipment Authority Rice University  6100 Main St. Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0486-4641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston  4722 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77004 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2272-3811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas B","family":"Malloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Petroleum Geochemistry Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston  3705 Cullen Blvd Houston TX 77204 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen","family":"Bollini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston  4722 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77004 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8479-9328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James M.","family":"Tour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Smalley\u2010Curl Institute NanoCarbon Center and Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University  6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","unstructured":"S.Bouckaert A. F.Pales C.McGlade U.Remme B.Wanner L.Varro D.D'Ambrosio T.Spencer Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector https:\/\/trid.trb.org\/View\/1856381 (accessed: September2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"V.Masson\u2010Delmotte P.Zhai H. O.P\u00f6rtner D.Roberts J.Skea P. R.Shukla A.Pirani W.Moufouma\u2010Okia C.P\u00e9an R.Pidcock S.Connors Global warming of 1.5 C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming2019 1."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ghg.2131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE02342A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume":"3","author":"Kearns D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob. CCS Inst. Bruss. Belg."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11705-015-1514-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie0400245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie010697c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01054-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.200900036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-020-01153-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48136-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtice.2024.105638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccst.2023.100156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.148661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.127722"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.154733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.06.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA04634C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am508858x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-017-0030-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/176\/1\/012055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Porous Carbons from Plastic Waste. in Porous Carbons \u2013 Hyperbranched Polymers \u2013 Polymer Solvation","author":"Bazargan A.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2015.04.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2013.873094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14248421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba3656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba9475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2016.12.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c00955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"1","volume":"2200436","author":"Savas P. E.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sustainable Syst."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2019.114244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(12)60011-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2020.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00877A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.124346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202400967"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c17132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03123-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"46","volume":"56","author":"Zhai Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202302887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr800323s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie3003446"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-01095-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690110125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2015.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.14878"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.Shirley P.Myles Quality Guidelines for Energy System Studies: CO2Impurity Design Parameters 2019 https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/biblio\/1566771\u2010quality\u2010guidelines\u2010energy\u2010system\u2010studies\u2010co2\u2010impurity\u2010design\u2010parameters https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2172\/1566771(accessed: August 2024).","DOI":"10.2172\/1566771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200702046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b10433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1351\/pac198557040603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202217808"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b02047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2013.05.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm0144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coche.2012.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.130294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201200196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijggc.2017.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.12.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b00235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp907054h"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b07541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.2049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.130078"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.6b08788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b08636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2017.02.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ee00442a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200901461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201203144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma8002483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2014.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(95)93101-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/snmr.2001.0030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c08140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2014.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b13771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.145259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c03371"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106622"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2024.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-021-03535-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2019.03.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.1c00357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2021.121864"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Wang A.Elgowainy U.Lee A.Bafana S.Banerjee P. T.Benavides P.Bobba A.Burnham H.Cai U. R.Gracida\u2010Alvarez T. R.Hawkins Summary of Expansions and Updates in GREET2021 ANL\/ESD\u201021\/16.","DOI":"10.2172\/1671788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1065\/lca2004.10.181.1"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202408462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T20:55:02Z","timestamp":1767041702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202408462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202408462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202408462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2408462"}}