{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:25:28Z","timestamp":1790537128556,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD2201300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD2201300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T2125009 92048302 12472167 12102388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2125009 92048302 12472167 12102388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hydrogel coatings impart superior surface properties to materials, but their application on large and complicated substrates is hindered by two challenges: limited wetting conditions and intricate curing processes. To overcome the challenges, lyophilized adhesive hydrogel powders (LAHPs) are developed, which consist of poly(acrylic acid\u2010co\u20103\u2010(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) crosslinked with chitosan. These powders are electrostatic sprayed onto substrates to address wetting issues and rehydrated to form bulk hydrogel coatings to circumvent curing challenges. This approach enables the application of hydrogel coatings with a smooth surface and adjustable thickness on various materials, irrespective of category, geometry, or size. The coatings exhibit remarkable mechanical properties (strength of 2.62\u00a0MPa, elastic modulus of 6.84\u00a0MPa, and stretchability exceeding 3 folds) and robust adhesion (adhesion energy \u2248900\u00a0J\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) through a three\u2010step bonding process involving electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and covalent bonding. Notably, these coatings confer multiple functional attributes to the substrate, including lubricity, hydrophilicity, nucleation inhibition, and pH\u2010responsive actuation. Moreover, incorporating LAHPs with functional agents or rehydrating with functional solutions opens possibilities for diverse functional hydrogel coatings, such as thermal responsiveness and NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    indication. Leveraging the virtues of simplicity, flexibility, convenience, and broad applicability, this strategy presents an enticing pathway for the widespread applications of hydrogel coatings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202408780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T01:37:22Z","timestamp":1734745042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Tough and Functional Hydrogel Coating by Electrostatic Spraying"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for X\u2010Mechanics Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 310027 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 310058 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