{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T16:52:59Z","timestamp":1781023979390,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Using first\u2010principles G\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    W\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    (G\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    is one\u2010electron Green\u2019s function and W\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    is the dynamical screening Coloumb potential) coupled Bethe\u2013Salpeter equation (BSE)\u00a0calculations with spin\u2010orbit coupling, exceptionally strong excitonic effects are identified in several bismuth\u2010based vacancy\u2010ordered mixed halide double perovskites. These perovskites are thermodynamically stable with negative formation energy. For Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    X\n                    <jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>\n                    (X = Cl,Br,I) double perovskites, both the bandgap and excitonic binding energy decrease as the size of the halogen atom increases. The excitonic effects can be tuned in mixed halide perovskites such as Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    I\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    I\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    I\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cl\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cl\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    I\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    . This study reports the exciton radiative lifetimes of the vacancy\u2010ordered perovskites, revealing that these excitons exhibit long radiative lifetimes, particularly for Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    I\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    with 11141  at 300 K and 24  at 5 K. The long radiative lifetimes are linked to the delocalization of the exciton (Wannier\u2013Mott type) in real space, whereas the more localized exciton (Frenkel type) in Cs\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cl\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    Br\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    results in shorter radiative lifetimes of 155  at 300 K and 334 ns at 5 K. Due to their long exciton lifetime, these materials present interesting opportunities for photovoltaic\u00a0applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202408919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T02:11:12Z","timestamp":1738203072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Crossover of Frenkel and Wannier\u2013Mott Excitons Through Halide Composition Tuning in Mixed Halide Perovskites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jagjit","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab Harish\u2010Chandra Research Institute A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI)  Chhatnag Road Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh 211019 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