{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T19:54:26Z","timestamp":1785182066478,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) reduction from aqueous solutions offers a promising strategy to overcome flooding and salt precipitation in gas diffusion electrodes used in gas\u2010phase CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    electrolysis. However, liquid\u2010phase CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    electrolysis often exhibits low CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction rates because of limited CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    availability. Here, a macroporous Ag mesh is employed and activated to achieve selective CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    conversion to CO with high rates from an aqueous bicarbonate solution. It is found that activation of Ag surface using oxidation\/reduction cycles produces nanoporous surfaces that favor CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010to\u2010CO conversion. Notably, it is found that a combination of dissolved CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in bicarbonate solution with CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    generated in situ from bicarbonate ions enables increased CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    availability and a CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010to\u2010CO conversion rate over 100\u00a0mA\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . By optimizing the oxidation\/reduction cycles to fine\u2010tune the structure of Ag surface, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010to\u2010CO conversion is reported from a bicarbonate solution with CO Faradaic efficiency of over 85% at current density of 100\u00a0mA\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , high concentration of 24.7% at outlet gas stream and stability of over 100\u00a0h with maintaining CO FE over 85% during whole reaction time.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202409669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T02:36:01Z","timestamp":1735007761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Macro\u2010 and Nano\u2010Porous Ag Electrodes Enable Selective and Stable Aqueous CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reduction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Behnam","family":"Nourmohammadi Khiarak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University  Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gelson T. 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Pelayo","family":"de Garc\u00eda de Arquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICFO\u2013Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies Fot\u00f2niques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology  Barcelona 08860 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia H.","family":"Mascaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Ceramics Department of Chemistry Federal University of Sao Carlos  S\u00e3o Carlos S\u00e3o Paulo 13565\u2010905 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9641-9815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cao\u2010Thang","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University  Kingston ON K7L 3N6 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