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Here, high\u2010sensitivity detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is demonstrated through innovations in chemiluminescence\u2010based sensing, imaging, and deep learning\u2010driven analysis. This chemiluminescence vertical flow assay (CL\u2010VFA) enables rapid, low\u2010cost, and precise quantification of cTnI, a key cardiac protein for assessing heart muscle damage and myocardial infarction. The CL\u2010VFA integrates a user\u2010friendly chemiluminescent paper\u2010based sensor, a polymerized enzyme\u2010based conjugate, a portable high\u2010performance CL reader, and a neural network\u2010based cTnI concentration inference algorithm. The CL\u2010VFA measures cTnI over a broad dynamic range covering six orders of magnitude and operates with 50 \u00b5L of serum per test, delivering results in 25 min. This system achieves a detection limit of 0.16 pg mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    with an average coefficient of variation under 15%, surpassing traditional benchtop analyzers in sensitivity by an order of magnitude. In blinded validation, the computational CL\u2010VFA accurately measures cTnI concentrations in patient samples, demonstrating a robust correlation against a clinical\u2010grade FDA\u2010cleared analyzer. These results highlight the potential of CL\u2010VFA as a robust diagnostic tool for accessible, rapid cardiac biomarker testing that meets the needs of diverse healthcare settings, from emergency care to underserved regions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T01:45:36Z","timestamp":1738806336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Deep Learning\u2010Enhanced Chemiluminescence Vertical Flow Assay for High\u2010Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Testing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3584-4433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyeo\u2010Re","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem","family":"Goncharov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"Eryilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"},{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyou\u2010Arm","family":"Joung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoi","family":"Tomoeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yena","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department University of California  Davis CA 95616 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7366-2692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omai B.","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3942-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dino","family":"Di Carlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"},{"name":"California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0717-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aydogan","family":"Ozcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"},{"name":"Bioengineering Department University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"},{"name":"California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California  Los Angeles CA 90095 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","unstructured":"W. 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