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Despite differences in pathophysiology, these diseases share overlapping features that complicate diagnosis, necessitating early, more accurate, and cost\u2010effective diagnostic tools. This study introduces an innovative plasmonic diagnostics platform for rapid and accurate label\u2010free diagnosis of OA and RA. The sensing platform utilizes a highly dense urchin\u2010like gold nanoarchitecture (UGN), which enhances the surface plasmonic area to significantly amplify the Raman signal. The feasibility of the developed platform for arthritis diagnosis is demonstrated by analyzing the synovial fluid (SVF) of patients. Assisted by a machine learning model, Raman signals of OA and RA groups are successfully classified with high clinical sensitivity and specificity. 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This platform offers a versatile, affordable, and scalable in\u2010clinic arthritis diagnostic solution with potential applications in diagnosing and monitoring other diseases through biofluid analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202500264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T23:07:34Z","timestamp":1743462454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["AI\u2010Assisted Plasmonic Diagnostics Platform for Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis With Biomarker Quantification Using Mathematical Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Boyou","family":"Heo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vo Thi Nhat","family":"Linh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Yeong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rowoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Gyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2011Kyung","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine &amp; Health Sciences Department of Medical Life Sciences College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul 06591 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Ah","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine &amp; Health Sciences Department of Medical Life Sciences College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul 06591 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul 06591 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Uk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul 06591 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul 06591 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1776-1802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho Sang","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)  Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Advanced Materials Engineering Division University of Science and Technology (UST)  Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"School of Convergence Science and Technology Medical Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2005.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.884462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2004.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.10.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1213","volume":"84","author":"Wasserman A. 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