{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:30:25Z","timestamp":1791923425605,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52401307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52401307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacteria\u2010infected diabetic wounds seriously threaten the lives of patients because diabetic ulcer tissues are quite difficult to repair while the bacteria infections deteriorate this course. Clinically used antibiotics cannot fulfil this mission but introduce the risk of bacterial resistance simultaneously. Herein, a near\u2010infrared (NIR) light\u2010responsive composite hydrogel is developed for rapid bacterial eradication and healing of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>)\u2010infected diabetic wounds. The hydrogel incorporates copper (Cu)\u2010doped graphitic carbon nitride (g\u2010C<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) nanosheets combined with black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets through electrostatic bonding and \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 stacking interactions, uniformly dispersed within a chitosan (CS) matrix crosslinked with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Cu\u2010CN\/BP@Gel). Under NIR light irradiation, Cu\u2010doping accelerated hot electron flow and improved the photothermal effect. Additionally, the built\u2010in electric field formed by Cu\u2010CN\/BP accelerated interfacial electron flow and inhibited the recombination of electron\u2010hole pairs, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Then, Cu\u2010CN\/BP@Gel hydrogel can reach the antibacterial rate of 99.18% against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. The successful application of the Cu\u2010CN\/BP@Gel hydrogel in diabetic wound infection presents a new method for wound healing in a high blood sugar and ROS environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202500378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T05:04:59Z","timestamp":1743483899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Accelerating Interface NIR\u2010Induced Charge Transfer Through Cu and Black Phosphorus Modifying G\u2010C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub> for Rapid Healing of <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> Infected Diabetic Ulcer Wounds"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering Hebei University of Technology  Tianjin 300131 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering Hebei University of Technology  Tianjin 300131 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1270-1870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuilin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danning","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry\u2010of\u2010Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei University  Wuhan 430062 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caihui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry\u2010of\u2010Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei University  Wuhan 430062 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congyang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry\u2010of\u2010Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei University  Wuhan 430062 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering School of Peking University  Beijing 100871 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanpeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liguo","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengli","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University  Tianjin 300072 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6469-2363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangmei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering Hebei University of Technology  Tianjin 300131 P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry\u2010of\u2010Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei University  Wuhan 430062 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300845"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202210903"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2024.216205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202400741"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.150906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202310999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202409155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01687-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202002021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mser.2021.100610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2022.100976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.143309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06017-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202307613"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202301092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202306357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.155575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121738"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.120103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.119039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2021.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201905938"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201703197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.1c01468"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c08359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2019.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202103174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c06654"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19247-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202002211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201810878"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202301986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300375"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume":"62","author":"Yang J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202204028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2021.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21763-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-017-0403-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c07621"}],"container-title":["Small"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smll.202500378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T12:28:02Z","timestamp":1750681682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smll.202500378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smll.202500378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202500378","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-6810","1613-6829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-6810","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-6829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2500378"}}