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However, the challenge of minimizing the formation of the undesired byproduct carbon monoxide (CO) while enhancing the selectivity for C\n                    <jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>\n                    products remains a significant hurdle. In this study, the designed and fabricated oxygen vacancy\u2010rich Cu\u2010based (OV\u2010Cu\/Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O) catalysts with the aim of suppressing CO production. The oxygen vacancies generated by the in situ cyclic voltammetry process are found to significantly enhance the electron density at the Cu site. Meanwhile, in situ Raman spectroscopy revealed that the enhanced production and adsorption of\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    CO resulted in reduced selectivity for CO, consequently accelerating the reduction of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    to C\n                    <jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>\n                    products. As a result, the OV\u2010Cu\/Cu\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O catalysts exhibit a low CO Faradaic efficiency (FE) of \u22484.5%, while achieving a high FE\n                    <jats:sub>C2+<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/FE\n                    <jats:sub>CO<\/jats:sub>\n                    ratio of up to 17.2 at a current density of \u2212300\u00a0mA\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These findings provide new insights into the introduction of oxygen vacancies in copper\u2010based catalysts to suppress CO production.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202501884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T06:42:42Z","timestamp":1742193762000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["In Situ Oxygen Vacancy Engineering for CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Electrolysis to Multi\u2010Carbon Products with a Low CO Faradaic Efficiency of 4.5%"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology  Shanghai 200237 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