{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:24:31Z","timestamp":1791944671302,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"49","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK127436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK127436"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Creating a functional intestine model remains challenging owing to the complex topography of the intestinal crypt\/villus structure. Here, an inverse molding biofabrication technique is presented to address this challenge. A sacrificial hydrogel mold (SHM) with negative crypt\/villus features is first fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of poly(ethylene glycol)\u2013norbornene\u2013tyramine (PEGNB\u2010T) thiol\u2013norbornene hydrogels. Next, decellularized small intestine submucosa\u2013norbornene (dSIS\u2013NB) solution is cast and photopolymerized over the SHM, also via efficient thiol\u2013norbornene photoclick reaction using PEG\u2010tetrathiol as the crosslinker. The hydrogel construct is placed in a buffer solution to induce autonomous and rapid dissolution of the SHM, creating dSIS\u2013NB hydrogels with the positive crypt\/villus structure. Intestinal epithelial cells seeded on the dSIS\u2013NB crypt\/villus matrices form a confluent monolayer within 3 days and display correct intestinal polarity. Through transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements and macromolecular transport studies, the new inverse\u2010molded dSIS\u2013NB crypt\/villus model further demonstrates the selective and drug\u2010responsive barrier functions. Finally, the unique biofabrication technique is leveraged to create an intestinal disease model carrying regions of both healthy crypts\u2013villi structure and flattened epithelium with hindered macromolecular transport.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202506632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T16:16:14Z","timestamp":1761149774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Engineered Decellularized Matrix Hydrogels with Crypt\u2013Villus Topography for Forming Functional Intestinal Epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8093-2999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngoc Ha","family":"Luong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University  West Lafayette IN 47907 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van 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