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Herein, a facile strategy is presented to achieve a series of cellulose benzoate esters (CBE\u2010X, X = H\/CH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/OH\/NH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) with lifetime\u2010tunable RTP through substituent engineering. Enhancing the electron\u2010donating ability of CBE\u2010X effectively modulates the HOMO\u2010LUMO gap, exciton energy, spin\u2010orbit coupling, and interaction between cellulose chains, thereby enabling control over the RTP lifetime. The RTP lifetime of CBE\u2010X can be increased from the initial values of tens of milliseconds to over 1000 ms. Notably, the CBE\u2010NH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    film with an electron\u2010rich substituent achieves an ultra\u2010long RTP lifetime of 1046 ms and a quantum yield of 53.42%. Furthermore, the aggregation of diverse clusters on cellulose chains endows these films with unique excitation wavelength\u2010 and time\u2010dependent afterglow, providing novel concepts for multidimensional dynamic optical coding. This study establishes the clear structure\u2010property relationship between substituent's electronic characteristics and RTP performance in cellulose\u2010based systems, providing both theoretical insights and a sustainable design paradigm for eco\u2010friendly phosphorescent materials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202506955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T10:06:56Z","timestamp":1756980416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Achieving Efficient Lifetime\u2010Tunable Room\u2010temperature Phosphorescent Cellulose with Excitation Wavelength\u2010 and Time\u2010Dependence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong 999077 P. 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