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These nanomaterials exhibit environmentally responsive modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, enabling them to generate ROS to eradicate bacterial biofilms and drug\u2010resistant pathogens during infection, while scavenging ROS to reduce inflammation and enhance tissue regeneration in restorative contexts. Recent advancements in rational nanozyme design, including surface modifications, elemental doping, artificial intelligence\u2010driven optimization, and biomimetic engineering, have significantly enhanced catalytic efficiency, stability, and precision in targeting specific sites. These tailored features enable nanozymes to function in a cascade\u2010like manner, where multiple catalytic processes occur sequentially to produce a stronger therapeutic impact. Consequently, they demonstrate promise in mitigating periodontal disease, promoting bone healing, and supporting precision therapy for oral malignancies. The versatility of nanozymes also allows them to be combined with photodynamic, immunomodulatory, or scaffold\u2010based approaches, expanding their scope in diagnostics and therapeutics. Despite these achievements, challenges related to long\u2010term biosafety, immune responses, and regulatory considerations must be addressed before widespread clinical use. 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