{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:37:41Z","timestamp":1790872661301,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"46","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A18A6b0057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A18A6b0057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u2010CRP21\u20102018\u20100003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u2010CRP21\u20102018\u20100003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Small"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Neuromorphic computing (NC), based on a network of numerous neurons and synapses, promises to lead the future of artificial intelligence (AI). Among various material platforms, spintronic domain wall (DW) devices emerge as promising energy\u2010efficient candidates for NC. Despite various proposals, the experimental realization of DW devices\u2010based NC is only starting. Therefore, the concept of ladder DW devices, whose 2D layout resembles a conventional ladder, as a synaptic element, is experimentally studied. First, spin\u2010orbit torque\u2010driven DW dynamics is investigated in proposed devices and found DW pinning across a broad range of characteristic parameters (tilt angle (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b8<\/jats:italic>\n                    )) and current density. Moreover, maximum pinning strength is observed for\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b8<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a030\u00b0 in the investigated range. Further, micromagnetic simulations suggest that i) Laplace pressure on the DWs and ii) non\u2010uniform distribution of the current in various device segments mainly account for the experimental observations. Further, the current density is optimized and observed a total of 19 multilevel magnetization states, confirming the stability of the design in all the studied devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202507581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T12:59:12Z","timestamp":1759237152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Harvesting the Elastic Nature of Domain Walls to Emulate the Synaptic Functions for Brain\u2010Inspired Computing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hasibur","family":"Rahaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University  21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durgesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University  21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramu","family":"Maddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University  21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Hong","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR  2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis 138634 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lim Sze","family":"Ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR  2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis 138634 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Jamshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University  21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3178-2960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. 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